ATI RN
Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following can effect drug absorption into the body?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, "All of the above." Dosage form affects drug absorption by influencing the rate and extent of dissolution. Site surface area affects drug absorption as a larger surface area allows for more contact with the drug. Blood flow to the site of absorption impacts drug absorption by affecting the rate of delivery of the drug to systemic circulation. Therefore, all three factors (dosage form, site surface area, and blood flow) play crucial roles in drug absorption into the body.
Question 2 of 5
A client is experiencing a cough associated with an upper respiratory infection. Which oral medication will likely produce the quickest therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A liquid. - Liquids are absorbed more quickly than tablets, providing quicker therapeutic effect. - Liquids have a faster onset of action due to their immediate absorption in the body. - The client experiencing a cough would benefit from the rapid relief offered by a liquid medication. - Tablets, topical sprays, and time would not offer the same quick therapeutic effect as a liquid due to differences in absorption rates.
Question 3 of 5
A client is taking a medication that is metabolized by the CYP enzymes. Which medication inhibits several of the CYP enzymes?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Cimetidine (C) because it is a known inhibitor of several CYP enzymes. Cimetidine can inhibit CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4, among others. This can lead to potential drug interactions and altered metabolism of medications that are substrates of these enzymes. A: Cisplatin does not inhibit CYP enzymes. B: Acebutolol hydrochloride is primarily metabolized by CYP2D6, but it does not inhibit CYP enzymes. D: Dicloxacillin sodium is not known to inhibit CYP enzymes. In summary, Cimetidine is the correct answer as it inhibits several CYP enzymes, while the other choices do not possess this inhibitory effect.
Question 4 of 5
Which drug is formulated to be absorbed through the skin? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lidocaine. Lidocaine is formulated as a transdermal patch for skin absorption. It has a lipophilic structure and low molecular weight, facilitating its penetration through the skin layers. Clonidine and Propranolol are typically administered orally or intravenously, not through the skin. Nitroglycerin is also formulated for skin absorption, often used in patches for angina treatment. However, in this question, the focus is on which drug is specifically formulated for skin absorption, making Lidocaine the most appropriate choice.
Question 5 of 5
What is the expected therapeutic outcome of the simultaneous administration of two medications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The combined effects are greater than the effects of either one of the drugs alone. When two medications are administered simultaneously, they may work synergistically to produce a greater therapeutic effect than each drug would achieve individually. This is known as a therapeutic synergy. By combining the actions of the drugs, the overall treatment outcome can be more effective. Incorrect choices: A: The adverse effects of one of the drugs are nullified by the other drug - This is incorrect because therapeutic outcomes focus on positive effects, not negating adverse effects. C: One of the drugs enhances metabolism, while the other drug enhances either distribution or absorption - This is incorrect as it does not address the overall therapeutic outcome of the combination. D: Both drugs are toxic in isolation but therapeutic when administered together - This is incorrect as therapeutic outcomes aim for positive effects, not relying on toxicity for efficacy.