ATI RN
NCLEX Questions Pediatric Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following blood products has been shown to be of greatest risk in transfusion-associated disease due to $Y$. enterocolitica?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Y. enterocolitica thrives in stored RBCs, increasing transfusion risk.
Question 2 of 5
A 5-year-old black male has had fever, headache, abdominal pain, and muscle aches for the preceding 3-4 days. His temperature is $103.4^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$, heart rate is 130, and respirations are 40 per minute. He appears acutely ill and dehydrated. He has no rash. No history of tick bite is obtained, and the child had recently been camping in rural Wisconsin. Laboratory findings include WBC count of $2,300 / \mathrm{mm}^3, 24 \%$ segmented neutrophils, $65 \%$ bands, $8 \%$ lymphocytes, and platelet count $57,000 / \mathrm{mm}^5$. Elevations in serum AST (465 IU/L; normal, 0-40 IU/L) were also present. A peripheral blood smear reveals small blue clusters of bacterialike bodies in an aggregate within the cytoplasm of $1 \%$ of circulating mononuclear WBCs. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ehrlichiosis matches the fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and intracytoplasmic inclusions seen on smear.
Question 3 of 5
Scarlet fever is caused by
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Group A Streptococcus pyrogenic exotoxins cause scarlet fever.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is true concerning measles?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All statements are true: measles has no animal reservoir, no vector, no latency, and one serotype.
Question 5 of 5
What percentages of poliovirus infections are inapparent?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: 90-95% of poliovirus infections are asymptomatic.