ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following best describes the method of action of medications, such as ranitidine (Zantac), which are used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, medications like ranitidine (Zantac) work by reducing acid secretions. This is the correct answer because drugs like ranitidine belong to a class of medications called H2-receptor antagonists, which inhibit the action of histamine on the parietal cells in the stomach. By blocking histamine, these medications reduce the production of stomach acid, thereby helping to heal and prevent ulcers. Option A, neutralizing acid, is incorrect because medications like ranitidine do not directly neutralize the acid already present in the stomach; instead, they reduce its production. Option C, stimulating gastrin release, is incorrect as increasing gastrin levels would lead to more acid production, exacerbating the ulcer condition. Option D, protecting the mucosal barrier, is incorrect because while it is important in ulcer management, ranitidine specifically targets acid reduction rather than directly protecting the mucosal barrier. In an educational context, understanding the mechanism of action of medications used in gastrointestinal disorders is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care to patients with peptic ulcer disease. Knowing how ranitidine works helps nurses to administer the medication correctly, monitor for therapeutic effects, and educate patients on the importance of compliance with their treatment regimen to promote healing and prevent ulcer recurrence.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client following a Billroth II procedure. On review of the post-operative orders, which of the following, if prescribed, would the nurse question and verify?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the case of a client following a Billroth II procedure, the correct answer to question and verify among the given options is A) Irrigating the nasogastric tube. This is because after a Billroth II procedure, the client has a gastrojejunostomy where gastric contents are diverted to the jejunum, bypassing the duodenum. Therefore, irrigating the nasogastric tube could introduce contents directly into the small intestine, leading to complications like dumping syndrome or disruption of the healing process. Option B) Coughing and deep breathing exercises, Option C) Leg exercises, and Option D) Early ambulation are appropriate post-operative care interventions for a client following a Billroth II procedure. These interventions help prevent complications such as pneumonia, thrombosis, and muscle weakness associated with immobility. They promote respiratory function, circulation, and overall mobility, aiding in the client's recovery and preventing post-operative complications. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind post-operative care interventions following specific surgical procedures is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care to their clients. It requires knowledge of the surgical procedure, its implications on the body, and how nursing interventions can support the client's recovery process while preventing complications. This case highlights the importance of critical thinking and clinical reasoning in nursing practice to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client following gastrectomy. Which measure will the nurse instruct the client to follow to assist in preventing dumping syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of a client post-gastrectomy to prevent dumping syndrome, option B, limiting fluids taken with meals, is the correct measure. Dumping syndrome occurs when food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine, causing symptoms like cramping, diarrhea, and palpitations. Limiting fluids helps slow down gastric emptying, reducing the risk of dumping syndrome. Option A, eating high-carbohydrate foods, is incorrect as these can exacerbate dumping syndrome by rapidly increasing blood sugar levels, leading to a surge in insulin release and subsequent hypoglycemia. Option C, ambulating following a meal, and option D, sitting in a high-Fowlers position during meals, are not directly related to preventing dumping syndrome. From an educational perspective, understanding the pathophysiology of dumping syndrome and the rationale behind each measure is crucial for nurses to provide accurate discharge instructions and ensure optimal patient outcomes. It is essential for nurses to have a solid understanding of postoperative care guidelines to support patients effectively in their recovery process.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has had a gastroscopy. Which of the following symptoms may indicate that the client is developing a complication related to the procedure? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option B) The client has a temperature of 100*F. This symptom may indicate the development of a complication post-gastroscopy, such as infection. A fever post-procedure can be a sign of an inflammatory response or infection, which are potential complications that need prompt attention. Option A) The client complains of a sore throat is a common and expected side effect of gastroscopy due to irritation from the scope. It is not typically indicative of a complication. Option C) The client appears drowsy following the procedure is a common side effect of sedation administered during gastroscopy and does not necessarily indicate a complication. Option D) The client complains of epigastric pain is also a common side effect of gastroscopy and is not specific to complications. Educationally, understanding post-procedure complications is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care. Recognizing and responding to signs of complications promptly can prevent further deterioration in the client's condition. Nurses should closely monitor clients post-gastroscopy for any signs of infection or other complications to ensure optimal outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
A client with peptic ulcer disease tells the nurse that he has black stools, which he has not reported to his physician. Based on this information, which nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Deficient knowledge related to unfamiliarity with significant signs and symptoms. This nursing diagnosis is appropriate because the client's lack of reporting black stools to the physician indicates a deficiency in knowledge regarding the significance of this symptom in peptic ulcer disease. Option A) Ineffective coping related to fear of diagnosis of chronic illness is not the most appropriate choice in this scenario as the client's behavior is more indicative of a lack of knowledge rather than coping issues. Option C) Constipation related to decreased gastric motility is not relevant to the client's presentation of black stools, which is more suggestive of upper gastrointestinal bleeding rather than constipation. Option D) Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements due to gastric bleeding is not the best choice because the client has not reported gastric bleeding, but rather black stools, which may indicate bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing and addressing patients' lack of knowledge about their health conditions and symptoms. It emphasizes the crucial role of nurses in patient education and empowerment to improve health outcomes. By selecting the correct nursing diagnosis, nurses can intervene appropriately to educate the client on the significance of black stools and the importance of prompt reporting to the healthcare provider.