ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following best describes the MAC of an inhalational anesthetic?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The MAC (minimum alveolar concentration) of an inhalational anesthetic is defined as the alveolar concentration at which 50% of patients do not move in response to a surgical stimulus. It is related to the blood/gas partition coefficient of the anesthetic, which determines the rate at which the anesthetic enters and leaves the bloodstream, influencing its potency.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following variables most likely caused the decrease in MAC in this case?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The decrease in MAC in this case can be attributed to the use of two anesthetics, nitrous oxide and sevoflurane. When two anesthetics are used together, their combined effect can lead to a lower MAC requirement for surgical anesthesia. This phenomenon is known as MAC sparing. In this case, the combination of nitrous oxide and sevoflurane resulted in a lower total MAC requirement of 0.7, compared to the usual 1.3 MAC in most patients. Therefore, the use of two anesthetics is the most likely variable that caused the decrease in MAC in this case.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drugs would most likely be effective to decrease the patient's spontaneous breathing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vecuronium is a skeletal muscle relaxant that acts as a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, making it effective in decreasing spontaneous breathing by causing muscle relaxation. Diazepam, Botulinum toxin, Dantrolene, and Baclofen do not directly target skeletal muscle function in the same way as Vecuronium. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine, Botulinum toxin is used for muscle spasms, Dantrolene is a muscle relaxant used for malignant hyperthermia, and Baclofen is a muscle relaxant used for spasticity. Therefore, Vecuronium is the most appropriate choice in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
Which drug most likely enhanced the action of vecuronium in the 66-year-old woman undergoing emergency surgery following a car accident?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Darifenacin, a muscarinic receptor antagonist used for urinary tract infections, may enhance the action of vecuronium by reducing the risk of cholinergic side effects, such as bradycardia or bronchoconstriction, associated with muscle relaxants. Gentamicin, Timolol, Latanoprost, and Lovastatin are unlikely to have a significant impact on the action of vecuronium in this context.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following drugs would be contraindicated for a patient undergoing major surgery to remove a breast carcinoma who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is a heavy smoker?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.