ATI RN
Epidemiology NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following best describes a confounding variable?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Confounding (B) distorts exposure-outcome links via a third variable (e.g., age in smoking-lung cancer). A is causation, C is effect, D is unrelated.
Question 2 of 5
Which type of study design is best suited for studying rare exposures?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cohort studies (C) suit rare exposures (e.g., radiation) by following exposed groups. A and B focus on outcomes, D is impractical for rare exposures.
Question 3 of 5
Which type of study design involves collecting data on past exposures from individuals with and without a disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Case-control studies (B) retrospectively assess past exposures in cases vs. controls. A is snapshot, C is prospective, D is experimental.
Question 4 of 5
In an observational study, the researcher:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Observational studies (C) watch natural events (e.g., diet and disease). A, B, and D are experimental.
Question 5 of 5
What is the primary way to control for confounding in the analysis phase of a study?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stratification (A) controls confounding in analysis by grouping (e.g., by age). B and C are design, D is bias reduction.