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free microbiology test bank questions pdf Questions
Question 1 of 9
Which of the following bacteria is associated with food poisoning caused by improperly canned foods?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clostridium botulinum. This bacterium is associated with food poisoning from improperly canned foods due to its ability to produce botulinum toxin, a potent neurotoxin that causes botulism. Improper canning allows spores of Clostridium botulinum to survive and germinate, producing the toxin in anaerobic conditions. The other choices are incorrect because Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Vibrio cholerae are not typically associated with food poisoning from improperly canned foods. Escherichia coli and Salmonella are more commonly linked to contaminated water or undercooked food, while Vibrio cholerae causes cholera primarily through contaminated water sources.
Question 2 of 9
A patient complained about a carbuncle on his face. Examination results: neither dense nor painful edema of subcutaneous cellular tissue, there is black crust in the middle of the carbuncle and peripheral vesicular rash around it. Bacteriological examination revealed presence of immobile streptobacilli able of capsulation. What microorganisms are causative agents of this disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bacillus anthracoides. 1. The patient's symptoms align with cutaneous anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis. 2. Presence of immobile streptobacilli able of capsulation matches the characteristics of Bacillus anthracis. 3. Symptoms such as black crust, peripheral vesicular rash, and non-painful edema are classic for cutaneous anthrax. 4. Choice A: Bacillus antracis is a misspelling, not a valid option. 5. Choice B: Staphylococcus aureus does not match the symptoms described in the scenario. 6. Choice D: Bacillus megaterium is not associated with cutaneous anthrax.
Question 3 of 9
The correct hierarchical order for virus classification is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct hierarchical order for virus classification is order, family, subfamily, genus, species. This is because classification starts at a broader level (order) and narrows down to a more specific level (species). Order comes first to group viruses based on common characteristics, followed by family, which further categorizes them. Subfamily refines the classification, then genus groups similar viruses together, and species distinguishes different strains within a genus. Choice A is incorrect because it places genus before family, which is not the correct sequence. Choice B is incorrect as it starts with species, which is the most specific level. Choice D is incorrect because it places genus at the beginning, which is too specific for the hierarchical order.
Question 4 of 9
The catarrhal stage of the whooping cough is characterized by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the catarrhal stage of whooping cough is characterized by mild respiratory symptoms such as mild coughing, sneezing, or a runny nose. During this stage, the cough may start to worsen but is not yet severe. A: Incorrect - Decrease in paroxysms of coughing is not seen in the catarrhal stage; it occurs later in the paroxysmal stage. B: Incorrect - Subsequent respiratory infection for many months after the onset of pertussis is not a characteristic of the catarrhal stage. C: Incorrect - Uncontrollable coughing followed by a high pitched 'whoop' sound is typical of the paroxysmal stage, not the catarrhal stage.
Question 5 of 9
A 14-year-old patient was diagnosed with Hutchinson's triad: barrel-shaped incisors, parenchymatous keratitis and deafness. The revealed presentations are consistent with the following disease:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Syphilis. Hutchinson's triad is a classic presentation of congenital syphilis in children. Barrel-shaped incisors, parenchymatous keratitis, and deafness are key manifestations. Barrel-shaped incisors result from mulberry molars, a type of abnormal tooth. Parenchymatous keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea, a common ocular sign in congenital syphilis. Deafness can occur due to damage to the auditory nerve caused by the infection. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not typically present with the specific triad of symptoms seen in congenital syphilis.
Question 6 of 9
A lot of pyoinflammatory processes in oral cavity are caused by anaerobes. What nutrient medium can be used for control of wound textile contamination by anaerobes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Kitt-Tarozzi. This medium contains blood and hemin, which are essential nutrients for the growth of anaerobes. Blood provides a source of iron, while hemin stimulates the growth of anaerobes. This combination creates an environment conducive for the isolation and identification of anaerobic organisms. B: Endo and C: Roux are selective media primarily used for the isolation of gram-negative bacteria and not specifically designed for anaerobes. D: Sabouraud's is a medium used for the cultivation of fungi, not anaerobes. In summary, Kitt-Tarozzi is the correct choice due to its specific nutrient composition that supports the growth of anaerobes, unlike the other options which are not suitable for this purpose.
Question 7 of 9
The human pinworm Enterobius vermicularis lives in the __________ of humans.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: rectum. Pinworms typically inhabit the rectum area in humans, where they lay their eggs. This is because the female pinworm migrates to the rectum at night to deposit her eggs near the anus. Other choices are incorrect because pinworms do not reside in the duodenum (A), ileum (B), or transverse colon (C) as their primary location is in the lower gastrointestinal tract near the anus.
Question 8 of 9
Which of the following bacteria is responsible for causing gonorrhea?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This bacterium is responsible for causing gonorrhea. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a sexually transmitted bacterium that infects the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract. It is known for causing symptoms such as painful urination and discharge. Chlamydia trachomatis (choice A) is another sexually transmitted bacterium but is not responsible for gonorrhea. Treponema pallidum (choice C) causes syphilis, not gonorrhea. Escherichia coli (choice D) is a common bacterium found in the gut and is not associated with causing gonorrhea. Therefore, Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the correct answer for this question.
Question 9 of 9
Which bacteria are most commonly associated with food poisoning?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Clostridium botulinum, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli are all common bacteria associated with food poisoning. Clostridium botulinum produces a potent neurotoxin causing botulism. Salmonella enterica causes salmonellosis, a common foodborne illness. Escherichia coli can produce toxins leading to food poisoning. Therefore, since all three bacteria are known to cause food poisoning, the correct answer is D. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because each of these bacteria individually is commonly associated with food poisoning, not just one of them.