ATI RN
Intro to Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following are possible mechanisms for the bactericidal/bacteriostatic effects of antiseptics and disinfectants?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antiseptics and disinfectants exert their bactericidal/bacteriostatic effects through various mechanisms, including:
Question 2 of 5
A patient comes to the hospital with a suspected opioid overdose, what would be the appropriate medication to be administered?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Naloxone is the appropriate medication to be administered to a patient with a suspected opioid overdose. Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist, meaning it can quickly reverse the effects of opioids on the central nervous system. It works by binding to the same receptors in the brain that opioids target, blocking their effects and rapidly restoring normal respiration and consciousness in a person who has overdosed on opioids. This can be a life-saving treatment for opioid overdose patients. Exenatide, Heparin, and Tolvaptan are not appropriate medications for reversing opioid overdose.
Question 3 of 5
What is the therapeutic range for Lithium?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The therapeutic range for Lithium is typically considered to be 0.6-1.2 mEq/L for maintenance treatment. However, some sources may also suggest a wider therapeutic range of 0.5-2 mEq/L. Monitoring serum lithium levels is crucial to ensure that the patient is within the therapeutic range and to adjust the dosage accordingly to avoid toxicity or subtherapeutic levels. Thus, option C (0.5-2) provides a more comprehensive and inclusive range that is commonly referenced in clinical practice.
Question 4 of 5
The client is receiving warfarin (Coumadin) for a deep vein thrombosis. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid in large amounts?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warfarin, an anticoagulant, inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Spinach is high in vitamin K, which can counteract warfarin's effect, reducing its efficacy and increasing clot risk if consumed in large amounts. The nurse must instruct avoidance to maintain therapeutic INR levels. Potatoes and bananas have minimal vitamin K and don't significantly affect warfarin. Chicken is protein-rich, not vitamin K-rich, posing no issue. Consistent vitamin K intake is key, but large amounts of spinach could destabilize anticoagulation, risking thrombus progression. This aligns with warfarin's pharmacodynamics, where dietary education prevents therapeutic failure. Potatoes, bananas, and chicken lack this interaction, making spinach the priority to limit. Thus, A is the correct choice, ensuring the client understands how to support treatment efficacy and safety through diet management.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which is a potential nursing diagnosis for the patient taking antihypertensive medications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sexual dysfunction is a potential nursing diagnosis for a patient taking antihypertensive medications because certain classes of antihypertensive drugs, such as beta blockers and thiazide diuretics, have been known to cause sexual side effects. These effects may include erectile dysfunction in men and decreased libido or altered menstrual cycles in women. It is important for nurses to assess and address any sexual dysfunction concerns in patients on antihypertensive medications to improve quality of life and adherence to treatment. Diarrhea, urge urinary incontinence, and impaired memory are not typically associated with antihypertensive medications and would not be as relevant in this situation.