Which of the following are not parts of the clitoris?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: corpus spongiosum. The clitoris does not have a corpus spongiosum. The clitoris is made up of the corpora cavernosa, crura, and glans. The corpus spongiosum is a part of the male anatomy, specifically found in the penis, and is responsible for maintaining erection by filling with blood during arousal. Therefore, the corpus spongiosum is not a part of the clitoris and is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acrosome. The acrosome is an organelle in the head of the sperm that contains enzymes which help the sperm penetrate the outer layer of the ovum during fertilization. It plays a crucial role in the fertilization process. Explanation of other choices: B: Zona pellucida is the outer membrane of the ovum that the sperm needs to penetrate, not an organelle within the sperm itself. C: Megalis is not a relevant organelle involved in fertilization. D: None of the above is incorrect as the acrosome is the specific organelle that aids in sperm penetration of the ovum.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Leydig cells are located in the testes and are responsible for secreting testosterone. 2. Testosterone is a male sex hormone crucial for regulating various functions in the body. 3. Sertoli cells provide support for sperm development, not testosterone secretion. 4. Spermatogenic cells are involved in sperm production, not testosterone secretion. 5. Oogonia are female germ cells, not involved in testosterone secretion. Summary: Choice C (Leydig cells) is correct because they are the specific cells in the testes responsible for secreting testosterone. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are associated with other functions related to reproduction and are not involved in testosterone secretion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The paraurethral (Skene's) glands are responsible for secreting mucus to facilitate lubrication during sexual arousal. This mucus aids in lubricating the urethra and providing moisture for sexual intercourse. Estrogen (Choice A) is a hormone produced by the ovaries and not directly related to the function of Skene's glands. Testosterone (Choice C) and androgens (Choice D) are male sex hormones and are not involved in the secretion of mucus by Skene's glands. Therefore, the correct answer is B, mucus, as it aligns with the known function of the paraurethral glands.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The female reproductive system arises from Paramesonephric (Mullerian) ducts. These ducts develop into the fallopian tubes, uterus, and upper part of the vagina. Initially present in both sexes, in females, they persist and differentiate into the female reproductive organs under the influence of estrogen. Mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts develop into male reproductive structures. Aldosterone is a hormone related to electrolyte balance and has no direct role in female reproductive system development. FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates ovarian follicle development but does not play a role in the initial development of the female reproductive system.