ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following are liver waste products?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: bilirubin. Bilirubin is a waste product produced during the breakdown of red blood cells in the liver. It is excreted in bile and gives feces its brown color. Bile salts aid in digestion, cholesterol is a lipid used for various functions, and electrolytes are essential for bodily functions but are not liver waste products. Therefore, bilirubin is the only true liver waste product in this list.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is synthesized and stored in the liver cells?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Glycogen. Glycogen is synthesized and stored in liver cells as a form of glucose storage for energy. The liver plays a key role in regulating blood glucose levels by converting excess glucose into glycogen for storage. Galactose (A) is a sugar found in milk and is metabolized in the liver, but it is not synthesized or stored there. Lactose (B) is a disaccharide found in dairy products and is broken down into glucose and galactose in the intestine, not synthesized or stored in the liver. Arabinose (D) is a sugar found in plants but is not synthesized or stored in the liver.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Elevating the head of the bed helps prevent acid reflux by keeping the stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus while sleeping. This position helps gravity keep the acid in the stomach. Choice A is incorrect because certain foods can indeed trigger or worsen GERD symptoms. Choice B is incorrect as sleeping on the left side may worsen symptoms due to the position of the stomach. Choice C is incorrect as eating right before bed can increase the risk of acid reflux.
Question 4 of 5
Jason, a 22 y.o. accident victim, requires an NG tube for feeding. What should you immediately do after inserting an NG tube for liquid enteral feedings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because aspirating for gastric secretions ensures proper tube placement in the stomach, reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonia. Choice B is irrelevant and doesn't address the immediate post-insertion step. Choice C is incorrect as starting feeding immediately can lead to complications if the tube is not in the correct position. Choice D is incorrect as X-ray verification is not needed immediately after insertion.
Question 5 of 5
Stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system will cause which one of the following effects in the inferior esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: decreases peristalsis by inhibition of smooth muscle. The sympathetic nervous system inhibits gastrointestinal motility by decreasing peristalsis. This is achieved through the release of norepinephrine, which binds to adrenergic receptors on smooth muscle cells, leading to reduced contraction and motility. Choices A and B are incorrect because the sympathetic nervous system can still affect smooth muscle, not just skeletal muscle. Choice D is incorrect because sympathetic stimulation does not directly increase peristalsis.