ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Book Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following are complications of Warfarin? (select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting the body's ability to clot blood. While it is an effective medication for preventing blood clots and strokes, one of its major complications is the increased risk of bleeding. This can manifest as easy bruising, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or more serious internal bleeding in organs such as the stomach or brain. Cramps, fever, and nausea are not common complications of Warfarin use.
Question 2 of 5
An intrinsic activity of < 1 is exhibited by.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An intrinsic activity of < 1 is exhibited by a partial agonist. Intrinsic activity, also known as efficacy, refers to the ability of a drug to activate a receptor upon binding. A partial agonist has lower intrinsic activity compared to a full agonist. It is able to activate the receptor, but to a lesser extent, often resulting in a submaximal response even when all receptors are occupied. This characteristic of partial agonists makes them important in pharmacology for providing a more controlled and graded response compared to full agonists.
Question 3 of 5
This salicylate is less effective than aspirin, but may be used in patients allergic to aspirin :
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Salicylamide is a salicylate compound that is less effective than aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) in terms of anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. However, salicylamide can be used as an alternative in patients who are allergic to aspirin. It is often better tolerated by individuals with hypersensitivity to aspirin. Sodium salicylate, methyl salicylate, diflunisal, and acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) do not specifically have an advantage in patients allergic to aspirin compared to salicylamide.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who is taking aspirin for arthritis pain asks the nurse why it also causes gastrointestinal upset. The nurse understands that this is because aspirin:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin works by inhibiting both cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes. COX-1 is responsible for producing prostaglandins that help maintain the stomach lining, promote blood clotting, and support kidney function. When COX-1 is inhibited by aspirin, it interferes with the protective mechanisms of the stomach lining, leading to increased risk of gastrointestinal irritation, ulcers, and bleeding. This is why aspirin is known to cause gastrointestinal upset, including symptoms like stomach pain, heartburn, nausea, and even ulcers in some cases.
Question 5 of 5
A patient taking sunitinib reports that the skin on the hands and feet is red, painful, and has some blisters. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sunitinib, a multikinase inhibitor, can cause hand-foot syndrome, a condition characterized by redness, pain, and blistering on the palms and soles. This side effect can be severe and may require dose adjustments or treatment interruptions. The nurse should notify the oncologist to evaluate the severity of the symptoms and determine if a dosage reduction is necessary. While protective measures like wearing gloves can help, they are not sufficient if the symptoms are severe. Documentation alone is inadequate for managing this potentially debilitating side effect.