ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 The Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following are common side effects when taking the drug Phenytoin. Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug that can commonly cause drowsiness, ataxia (loss of full control of bodily movements), and dry mouth as side effects. These side effects are important to monitor in patients taking Phenytoin to ensure their safety and well-being. Increased suicidal thoughts are not a common side effect associated with Phenytoin.
Question 2 of 5
What decreases the renin angiotensin aldosterone system?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors decrease the renin angiotensin aldosterone system by blocking the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II. By inhibiting this enzyme, ACE inhibitors reduce the production of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, and lower aldosterone secretion. This leads to vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, and reduced retention of sodium and water. Consequently, ACE inhibitors are commonly used in the management of hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
Question 3 of 5
The client comes to the emergency department with a myocardial infarction. The client's husband tells the nurse that his wife has been taking calcium carbonate (Tums) for years for what she thought was indigestion. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Self-diagnosing with Tums masked a myocardial infarction as indigestion, a common misstep, and noting this educates without blame. Blaming the wife or husband is judgmental and unhelpful. Gladness she's there misses teaching opportunity. Stating self-diagnosis's risks highlights the need for medical evaluation, especially in older adults where cardiac symptoms mimic gastrointestinal issues, fostering awareness gently.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a patient taking furosemide for heart failure. Which electrolyte imbalance must the nurse be alert for?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, promotes the excretion of potassium, sodium, and water. Hypokalemia (low potassium) is a common side effect and can lead to muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and other complications. Hyperkalemia (A) is unlikely with furosemide. Hypernatremia (B) and hyponatremia (D) are less common but should still be monitored.
Question 5 of 5
The patient has bipolar disorder and is in a manic phase. The physician prescribes lithium (Eskalith). The patient's current lithium level is 0.4. What will the nurse expect to assess in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lithium's therapeutic range is 0.6-1.2 mEq/L-0.4 is subtherapeutic, so mania (hyperactivity, pressured speech) persists, per pharmacokinetics. Baseline calm needs higher levels. Depression isn't current. Manic decrease requires therapeutic dosing. Low level predicts ongoing mania, per assessment.