ATI RN
Intro to Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following are antagonist and agonist pairs for the same receptor:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Butoxamine (β2 antagonist) and terbutaline (β2 agonist) target the same receptor, a true pair. Phenoxybenzamine (α-adrenergic antagonist) and cyclopentolate (muscarinic antagonist) act on different receptors. Pilocarpine and bethanechol are both muscarinic agonists, not antagonist-agonist. Oxymetazoline (α-agonist) and dobutamine (β1-agonist) differ in receptor specificity. Bromocriptine and pramipexole are dopamine agonists. The β2 pair is a classic example in pharmacology, illustrating receptor-specific antagonism and agonism.
Question 2 of 5
The following drugs undergo phase II metabolism by hepatic acetylation enzymes (N-acetyltransferases):
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Isoniazid undergoes phase II acetylation via hepatic N-acetyltransferases, and the rate of metabolism can vary between slow and fast acetylators.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is started on a diuretic for antihypertensive therapy. The nurse expects that a drug in which class is likely to be used initially?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are commonly used as first-line therapy for hypertension. They are effective in reducing blood pressure by promoting diuresis and decreasing plasma volume. Thiazide diuretics work by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, leading to increased excretion of water and electrolytes. This helps to reduce blood volume and subsequently lower blood pressure. Thiazide diuretics are generally well-tolerated and effective, making them a preferred choice for initial antihypertensive therapy.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following are antagonist and agonist pairs for the same receptor:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Butoxamine (β2 antagonist) and terbutaline (β2 agonist) target the same receptor, a true pair. Phenoxybenzamine (α-adrenergic antagonist) and cyclopentolate (muscarinic antagonist) act on different receptors. Pilocarpine and bethanechol are both muscarinic agonists, not antagonist-agonist. Oxymetazoline (α-agonist) and dobutamine (β1-agonist) differ in receptor specificity. Bromocriptine and pramipexole are dopamine agonists. The β2 pair is a classic example in pharmacology, illustrating receptor-specific antagonism and agonism.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer phenytoin (Dilantin) to a patient who has a seizure disorder. The nurse notes that the last random serum drug level was 18 mcg/mL. What action Will the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The therapeutic range for phenytoin (Dilantin) is typically 10-20 mcg/mL. A level of 18 mcg/mL is at the upper end of the therapeutic range, and the patient may be at risk for toxicity, especially if symptoms are present. Therefore, the nurse should contact the provider to discuss potentially decreasing the phenytoin dose to avoid toxicity. Monitoring levels closely and reporting any signs of toxicity are also important actions, but the immediate action should be to address the potential for toxicity by discussing a dosage adjustment with the provider.