Which of the following antipsychotic drugs has high affinity for D2 and 5-HT2 receptors?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Risperidone, because it has high affinity for both D2 and 5-HT2 receptors. Risperidone's strong binding to these receptors contributes to its efficacy in treating psychosis. Droperidol (A) primarily acts on D2 receptors but has limited 5-HT2 affinity. Clozapine (B) has higher affinity for 5-HT2 than D2 receptors. Thiothixene (C) has higher affinity for D2 receptors but relatively lower for 5-HT2 receptors. In summary, Risperidone stands out as it targets both D2 and 5-HT2 receptors, making it a suitable choice for treating psychosis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because all the listed drugs can be used as antianxiety agents. Beta-blocking drugs, like propranolol, help with physical symptoms of anxiety. Clonidine, a partial agonist of alpha2 receptors, can also reduce anxiety symptoms. Tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine, are sometimes used off-label for anxiety disorders. Therefore, all of the above options are valid choices for antianxiety treatment. The other choices are incorrect because each of them individually may not cover the broad spectrum of antianxiety effects provided by the combination of the drugs listed in option D.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Desflurane. Desflurane is known to cause airway irritation due to its pungent smell and irritant properties, leading to coughing and bronchospasms. This is because desflurane is a volatile anesthetic with a low blood-gas partition coefficient, causing rapid uptake and elimination, which can irritate the airway. A: Nitrous oxide is not known to cause airway irritation. It is a non-irritating gas, commonly used as an anesthetic in combination with other agents. B: Sevoflurane is a non-irritating anesthetic that is widely used in anesthesia practice. C: Halothane can cause hepatotoxicity but is not specifically associated with airway irritation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why "A: De-nol" is the correct answer: 1. De-nol contains the active ingredient bismuth subcitrate, which stimulates the protective function of the mucous barrier. 2. Bismuth subcitrate forms a protective layer on the mucous membrane, enhancing its stability against damaging factors. 3. This protective effect helps prevent damage to the mucous membrane from factors like acid, bile salts, and other irritants. 4. Sucralfate also forms a protective barrier but through a different mechanism, making it an incorrect choice. 5. Misoprostol and Omeprazole are not directly involved in stimulating the protective function of the mucous barrier, making them incorrect choices. Summary: De-nol is the correct choice because it directly stimulates the protective function of the mucous barrier and enhances the stability of the mucous membrane against damaging factors. Sucralfate, Misoprostol, and Omeprazole

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Abciximab. Abciximab is a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor, which prevents platelet aggregation. It works by binding to the receptor and blocking the final common pathway of platelet aggregation. Aspirin (A) inhibits cyclooxygenase, Clopidogrel (B) and Ticlopidine (C) are P2Y12 ADP receptor inhibitors, not glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. Abciximab (D) is the only drug among the choices that directly targets the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors on platelets, making it the correct answer.