Which of the following antipsychotic agents is used in combination with an opioid drug fentanyl in neuroleptanalgesia?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Droperidol. Droperidol is commonly used in combination with fentanyl in neuroleptanalgesia due to its potent antiemetic and sedative properties. It helps enhance the analgesic effects of fentanyl and provides better sedation during procedures. Rationale: 1. Haloperidol (A) is not typically used in neuroleptanalgesia as it lacks the same synergistic effects with opioids as droperidol. 2. Chlorpromazine (C) is not commonly used in neuroleptanalgesia and is more often used in the treatment of psychotic disorders. 3. Clozapine (D) is an atypical antipsychotic and is not part of the standard neuroleptanalgesia regimen. In summary, droperidol is the preferred antipsychotic agent for use in combination with fentanyl in neuroleptanalgesia due to its specific pharmacological properties that

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Buspirone. Buspirone is a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic that has minimal abuse potential, as it does not act on the GABA receptor like benzodiazepines do. Buspirone's mechanism of action involves serotonin and dopamine receptors, making it less likely to be abused compared to benzodiazepines. Rationale: A: Oxazepam is a benzodiazepine, which can lead to dependence and abuse due to its effects on the GABA receptor. C: Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, not an anxiolytic. D: Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine with high abuse potential due to its rapid onset of action and reinforcing effects.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Isoflurane. Isoflurane is known to reduce arterial pressure and heart rate. It achieves this through its vasodilatory effects, leading to decreased systemic vascular resistance and cardiac depression. Halothane can cause arrhythmias and increased heart rate. Desflurane can increase heart rate and arterial pressure due to sympathetic activation. Nitrous oxide typically has minimal effects on heart rate and arterial pressure. Therefore, the correct choice is isoflurane due to its specific physiological effects that result in reduced arterial pressure and heart rate.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Cimetidine is an H2 receptor antagonist that can cause reversible gynecomastia by inhibiting androgen receptors. This leads to increased estrogen levels and breast tissue growth in males. Omeprazole (A), Pirenzepine (B), and Sucralfate (D) are not associated with gynecomastia as they do not affect hormone levels in the same way as cimetidine.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urokinase. Urokinase is a thrombolytic agent that works by breaking down blood clots, not preventing platelet aggregation like the other options. Aspirin inhibits COX enzyme, Ticlopidine and Clopidogrel are both ADP receptor antagonists which prevent platelet activation. Therefore, urokinase does not belong to the class of antiplatelet agents.