Which of the following antiparkinsonian drugs has also been used to treat hyperprolactinemia?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bromocriptine. Bromocriptine is a dopamine agonist that can reduce prolactin levels by stimulating dopamine receptors in the pituitary gland. This makes it effective in treating hyperprolactinemia. Benztropine (A) is an anticholinergic used for Parkinson's symptoms, not hyperprolactinemia. Amantadine (C) is an antiviral and weak dopamine agonist primarily used for Parkinson's. Levodopa (D) is a precursor to dopamine and is used for Parkinson's symptoms but not hyperprolactinemia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Butyrophenone derivatives are a class of antipsychotic drugs. 2. Droperidol is a butyrophenone derivative, used for sedation and treating psychosis. 3. Thioridazine, Sertindole, and Fluphenazine are not butyrophenone derivatives. 4. Therefore, the correct answer is A, Droperidol. In summary: - A (Droperidol) is correct as it belongs to the butyrophenone derivative class. - B (Thioridazine), C (Sertindole), and D (Fluphenazine) are incorrect as they are not butyrophenone derivatives.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant with strong antimuscarinic effects due to its chemical structure. The tertiary amine group increases antimuscarinic activity. Desipramine (A) is also a tricyclic antidepressant but has lower antimuscarinic effects. Trazodone (C) and Mirtazapine (D) are not tricyclic antidepressants, hence have minimal antimuscarinic effects compared to Amitriptyline.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because benzodiazepines have a high therapeutic index, allowing for a wide margin of safety in dosing. Flumazenil can be used to reverse benzodiazepine overdose. Physiologic dependence can develop with long-term benzodiazepine use, indicating a potential for addiction. Therefore, all of the above factors play a role in the choice of benzodiazepines for anxiety. Choices A, B, and C individually do not encompass all the important considerations for prescribing benzodiazepines.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the early stage of cannabis intoxication typically includes euphoria, uncontrolled laughter, alteration of time sense, depersonalization, and sharpened vision. Euphoria and uncontrolled laughter are common effects of cannabis, while alteration of time sense and depersonalization are also frequently reported. Sharpened vision may occur due to the impact of cannabis on sensory perception. Therefore, all of the above symptoms are characteristic of the early stage of cannabis intoxication. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not encompass the full range of symptoms commonly associated with cannabis intoxication.