ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following antiepileptic drugs is associated with visual field defects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antiepileptics vary in side effects. Valproate causes tremor or hepatotoxicity, not visual defects. Carbamazepine risks rash or hyponatremia, not eyes. Lamotrigine is linked to rash, tiagabine to dizziness, without visual impact. Vigabatrin, a GABA-transaminase inhibitor, causes irreversible concentric visual field defects in ~30-40% of users due to retinal toxicity, a unique and serious adverse effect. This necessitates ophthalmologic monitoring, distinguishing it in epilepsy treatment choices.
Question 2 of 5
A 63-year-old man presents to the emergency department with altered mental status after ingesting an entire bottle of acetaminophen. The patient's heart rate is 120 beats/minute, blood pressure is 100/58 mm Hg, and respiration rate is 28/minute. His aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase are 4,128 IU and 3,978 IU, respectively. What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acetaminophen overdose with liver failure (elevated AST/ALT) needs N-acetylcysteine , restoring glutathione to detoxify NAPQI. Ammonium chloride and flumazenil are irrelevant. Naloxone treats opioids. Sodium bicarbonate (E) doesn't apply. N-acetylcysteine is critical.
Question 3 of 5
What is the Therapeutic Effects of Lithium?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lithium is commonly used as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder. One of its main therapeutic effects is its ability to prevent or decrease the incidence of acute manic episodes in individuals with bipolar disorder. Lithium can help stabilize mood swings and reduce the severity and frequency of manic episodes. By regulating neurotransmitter levels in the brain, lithium helps to balance mood and prevent the extreme highs associated with mania. It is an essential medication for managing bipolar disorder and is particularly effective in treating manic symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
Antihistamines block the actions of histamine at the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antihistamines target H1 receptors for allergy relief, not B1/B2 (choices B, C) or nonexistent C1 . A reflects their mechanism, making it correct.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with elevated lipid levels has a new prescription for nicotinic acid (niacin). The nurse informs the patient that which adverse effects may occur with this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, is commonly associated with adverse effects of pruritus (itching) and cutaneous flushing (reddening of the skin). These effects are often dose-related and can be minimized if the medication is taken with food or slowly titrated up. Tinnitus and urine with a burnt odor are not typically associated with nicotinic acid. Myalgia (muscle pain) and fatigue are more commonly seen with statin medications rather than niacin. Blurred vision and headaches are not commonly reported side effects of nicotinic acid either.