Which of the following agents may cause tremors as a side effect and, thus, should be used with caution in patients with Parkinson's disease, even though it is also indicated for the treatment of dementia associated with Parkinson's disease?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rivastigmine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, treats Parkinson's disease dementia by enhancing cholinergic function, improving cognition. However, increased acetylcholine can exacerbate tremors, a core Parkinson's symptom, by disrupting dopamine-acetylcholine balance in the basal ganglia, requiring cautious use. Benztropine, an anticholinergic, reduces tremors, not causes them. Rotigotine, a dopamine agonist, improves motor symptoms. Dimethyl fumarate manages MS, not Parkinson's dementia, and lacks tremor association. Rivastigmine's benefit in dementia must be weighed against its potential to worsen tremors, making it the drug needing careful monitoring in this context.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) It suppresses secretion of the androgens that make your cancer grow. In prostate cancer, the growth of cancer cells is stimulated by androgens, male hormones like testosterone. Estrogen therapy works by suppressing the production of androgens, thereby inhibiting the growth of prostate cancer cells. This response by the nurse is the best because it directly addresses the mechanism of action of estrogen therapy in prostate cancer treatment. Option A is incorrect because estrogen does not work by making cancer cells die at a faster rate. Option B is incorrect as it states that estrogen eliminates testosterone, which is not the primary mechanism of action. Option D is also incorrect as it does not accurately explain how estrogen works in treating prostate cancer. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to have a clear understanding of the rationale behind specific pharmacological treatments for different conditions. By knowing the mechanism of action of medications, nurses can effectively educate patients and address their concerns or questions regarding their treatment plan. This knowledge also enables nurses to provide safe and competent care to patients receiving these medications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, treats hypertension by blocking aldosterone, reducing sodium reabsorption while retaining potassium . This risks hyperkalemia (>5.0 mEq/L), causing arrhythmias or muscle weakness, especially in renal impairment. Monitoring potassium closely ensures early detection, critical for safety. Sodium may drop mildly but isn't the primary concern. Calcium and magnesium aren't directly affected. Potassium's elevation aligns with spironolactone's mechanism, distinct from other diuretics that deplete it, making it the priority electrolyte. Regular checks (e.g., serum levels) prevent toxicity, particularly in hypertension where cardiac stability is key, thus B is the nurse's focus for vigilant monitoring and timely intervention.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.