ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following acts to inhibit acid production?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: somatostatin. Somatostatin inhibits acid production by blocking the release of gastrin and histamine, which stimulate acid secretion. Secretin (A) stimulates bicarbonate secretion, cholecystokinin (C) stimulates gallbladder contraction, and gastrin (D) stimulates acid secretion. Somatostatin directly inhibits acid secretion by acting on the parietal cells of the stomach.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticular disease. When palpating the client's abdomen, in which of the following locations should the nurse expect the client to report abdominal pain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lower left quadrant. This is because diverticular disease commonly affects the sigmoid colon, which is located in the lower left quadrant of the abdomen. Pain in this area is a hallmark symptom of diverticular disease. The other choices (B, C, D) are incorrect because diverticular disease typically causes pain in the lower left quadrant due to inflammation and infection of the diverticula in that area. Upper quadrants are less likely to be affected by diverticular disease.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a peptic ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: History of NSAID use. NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of developing peptic ulcers. Bulimia (choice A) can lead to other gastrointestinal issues but is not a direct risk factor for peptic ulcers. Drinking green tea (choice C) is actually associated with potential protective effects against peptic ulcers due to its antioxidant properties. Having a glass of wine daily (choice D) is not a known risk factor for peptic ulcers.
Question 4 of 5
Patients with esophageal varices would reveal the following assessment:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased heart rate. Esophageal varices are dilated blood vessels in the esophagus, commonly associated with liver cirrhosis. Due to increased pressure in the portal vein system, patients with esophageal varices may experience increased heart rate as a compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output. The other choices are incorrect because esophageal varices are not typically associated with increased blood pressure (A), decreased respiratory rate (C), or increased urinary output (D).
Question 5 of 5
The lamina propria and muscularis mucosa are found in the tunica
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The lamina propria and muscularis mucosa are components of the mucosa layer. The lamina propria is a layer of connective tissue beneath the epithelium, while the muscularis mucosa is a thin layer of smooth muscle. Both are part of the mucosa, which is the innermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the correct answer is A: mucosa. The other choices are incorrect because the submucosa (B) is located outside the mucosa layer, the muscularis (C) is a separate layer of smooth muscle outside the mucosa, and the serosa (D) is the outermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract.