ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following activities should the nurse encourage the client with a peptic ulcer to avoid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Smoking cigarettes. Smoking can increase stomach acid production and decrease blood flow to the stomach lining, which can worsen peptic ulcers. Chewing gum can actually help by increasing saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid. Eating chocolate and taking acetaminophen are generally safe for peptic ulcer patients as long as they do not have specific allergies or sensitivities.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse provides medication instructions to a client with peptic ulcer disease. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates best understanding of the medication therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Cimetidine (Tagamet) is an H2 receptor antagonist that decreases stomach acid production. 2. Peptic ulcer disease is often caused by excessive stomach acid. 3. By decreasing stomach acid, cimetidine helps to heal the ulcer and prevent further damage. 4. Understanding this mechanism of action demonstrates the client's comprehension of the medication therapy. Summary: B: Sucralfate does not change stomach fluid; it forms a protective barrier over the ulcer. C: Antacids neutralize stomach acid but do not coat the stomach. D: Omeprazole reduces stomach acid production, not coats the ulcer.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who will be returning to a nursing unit following a percutaneous transhephatic cholangiogram. The nurse includes which intervention in the postprocedure plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Place a sandbag over the insertion site. This intervention helps maintain pressure on the puncture site, reducing the risk of bleeding or hematoma formation post-procedure. Placing a sandbag over the insertion site is a standard practice to ensure hemostasis and prevent complications. Explanation for incorrect choices: B: Allowing bathroom privileges only is unrelated to the specific care needs following a percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram. C: Encouraging fluid intake is a general nursing intervention and does not directly address the postprocedure care requirements for this specific procedure. D: Allowing the client to sit in a chair for meals is not a priority post-procedure and does not address the potential complications associated with the puncture site.
Question 4 of 5
The client with a new colostomy is concerned about the odor from stool from the ostomy drainage bag. The nurse teaches the client to include which of the following foods in the diet to reduce odor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Yogurt. Yogurt contains probiotics that help maintain a healthy balance of gut bacteria, which can reduce the odor of stool in the ostomy drainage bag. Probiotics can also improve digestion and overall gut health. Broccoli (B) and eggs (D) can actually contribute to stronger odors due to their sulfur content. Cucumbers (C) are low in fiber and may not have a significant impact on stool odor.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse has inserted a nasogastric tube to the level of the oropharynx and has repositioned the client's head in a flexed-forward position. The client has been asked to begin swallowing. The nurse starts slowly to advance the nasogastric tube with each swallow. The client begins to cough, gag, and choke. Which nursing action would least likely result in proper tube insertion and promote client relaxation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. The client is experiencing coughing, gagging, and choking, indicating improper tube insertion. 2. Continuing to advance the tube can lead to further discomfort and potential complications. 3. Pulling the tube back slightly allows for reevaluation of placement and prevents further irritation. 4. Checking the back of the pharynx can identify any obstruction or incorrect placement. 5. Instructing the client to breathe slowly and take sips of water can help relax the client and facilitate proper insertion.