Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take regarding a 9-year-old girl diagnosed with gonorrhea?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action for the nurse to take regarding a 9-year-old girl diagnosed with gonorrhea is option D: Report the girl's medical findings to child protective services. This is the appropriate course of action because gonorrhea in a prepubescent child raises concerns about possible sexual abuse, which must be reported to the appropriate authorities to ensure the child's safety and well-being. Option A is incorrect because hospital admission may not be necessary if the child's safety can be ensured in a different setting. Option B is also incorrect as discussing the need to stop future sexual encounters with a 9-year-old is not developmentally appropriate or effective in this context. Option C is irrelevant to the immediate concern of suspected child abuse. From an educational perspective, this question highlights the importance of recognizing signs of potential abuse in pediatric patients and the legal and ethical responsibilities healthcare providers have in reporting such cases to protect vulnerable children. It underscores the critical role nurses play in advocating for the health and safety of their patients, especially in cases of suspected abuse or neglect.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In teaching about treatment for pubic lice, it is crucial to emphasize the correct practices to ensure effective management. The correct answer, option D, stating that the pubic hair should be combed after shampoo is removed, is essential because combing helps to remove any remaining lice and nits, aiding in the eradication of the infestation. This step is integral in preventing reinfestation and ensuring treatment success. Option A, stating that antibiotics should be taken for a full 10 days, is incorrect because pubic lice are not treated with antibiotics; they are typically managed with topical medications like lice-killing shampoos or lotions. Option B, suggesting that all clothing should be pretreated with bleach before wearing, is inaccurate and potentially harmful. Bleach is not recommended for treating pubic lice infestations on clothing. It can be damaging to the skin and clothing fibers. Option C, indicating that shampoo should be applied for at least 2 hours before rinsing, is also incorrect. While timing for specific treatments may vary, prolonged application of lice-killing shampoo beyond the recommended duration can lead to skin irritation without providing additional benefits. In the educational context, it is important to highlight evidence-based practices for treating pubic lice, emphasizing the correct steps such as using recommended medications, following application instructions, and combing to remove lice and nits. By understanding and applying these principles, healthcare professionals and patients can effectively manage and prevent the spread of pubic lice infestations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In maternal and newborn nursing, interpreting study results comparing the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases between populations is crucial for evidence-based practice. The correct answer, A, is that because the confidence interval (CI) of the relative risk (RR) includes the value of 1, the difference between the groups is meaningless. This indicates that there is no statistically significant difference in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases between the two populations. Option B is incorrect because a 95% confidence interval does not automatically imply statistical significance. It is the range of values within which the true relative risk is likely to fall, not a definitive statement of significance. Option C is incorrect because a relative risk of 0.80 does not indicate power; it reflects the magnitude of the association between the exposure and outcome, with values less than 1 indicating a decreased risk. Option D is incorrect because the absence of a reported p-value for the CI does not mean that conclusions cannot be drawn. The CI itself provides information about the precision of the estimate and whether the results are statistically significant or not. Understanding how to interpret confidence intervals and relative risks is essential for nurses to make informed decisions in maternal and newborn care based on the best available evidence. It helps them assess the significance of research findings and apply them to clinical practice for better outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is characterized by multiple soft warts on the perineum and rectal areas. These warts are known as condylomata acuminata and are a common manifestation of HPV infection. Option B) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a viral infection that attacks the immune system, leading to immunodeficiency. It does not present with the characteristic soft warts described in the question. Option C) Syphilis is a bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum and typically presents with genital sores (chancres), rash, and other systemic symptoms. It does not manifest as soft warts on the perineum and rectal areas. Option D) Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite and commonly presents with vaginal discharge and genital itching, but it does not cause soft warts as described in the question. Understanding the characteristic presentations of different sexually transmitted infections is crucial for nurses working in maternal and newborn care to provide accurate assessment, diagnosis, and treatment to prevent adverse outcomes for both the mother and newborn. Recognizing the specific signs and symptoms of each infection is essential for timely intervention and prevention of transmission to the newborn during delivery.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Sexually transmitted infections. When a woman is diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), it is important for the nurse to provide education on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as they are the leading cause of PID. By educating the woman on STIs, including ways to prevent them such as practicing safe sex, using barrier protection, and getting regular STI screenings, the nurse can help prevent future occurrences of PID. Option A) Endometriosis is incorrect as it is a separate condition characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, not directly linked to PID. Option B) Menopause is incorrect as it is a natural biological process in a woman's life and is not related to the development or treatment of PID. Option C) Ovarian hyperstimulation is incorrect as it is a condition usually associated with fertility treatments and is not typically linked to PID. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to provide comprehensive health education to patients diagnosed with PID to empower them with knowledge to prevent recurrence, manage symptoms effectively, and maintain overall reproductive health. Understanding the underlying causes and risk factors of PID, such as STIs, is essential for promoting optimal health outcomes in women.