Which of the follow is not one of the four processes of pharmacokinetics?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administration. Pharmacokinetics involves the processes of Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME). Administration refers to the act of giving a drug to a patient, which is not a process that occurs within the body. Absorption involves the movement of the drug into the bloodstream, Distribution is the movement of the drug throughout the body, and Excretion is the removal of the drug from the body. Therefore, Administration is not one of the four processes of pharmacokinetics.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Calcium channel blockers. They are commonly indicated for managing gestational hypertension due to their ability to relax blood vessels and reduce blood pressure. Spironolactone (A) is a potassium-sparing diuretic not typically used in pregnancy. Loop diuretics (B) are not recommended in pregnancy due to potential risks. Choice D is incomplete.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Metronidazole. Metronidazole is the first-line treatment for bacterial vaginosis due to its efficacy against the causative bacteria. It specifically targets anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the vaginal flora. Azithromycin (B) is used to treat respiratory infections, not bacterial vaginosis. Amoxicillin (C) is an antibiotic for different types of infections, not bacterial vaginosis. Ciprofloxacin (D) is more commonly used for urinary tract infections. Therefore, Metronidazole is the most appropriate choice for treating bacterial vaginosis in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chlorpheniramine. Bile acid sequestrants are medications that bind to bile acids in the intestines, preventing their reabsorption and promoting their excretion. Colesevelam, Colestipol, and Cholestyramine are all examples of bile acid sequestrants. Chlorpheniramine, on the other hand, is an antihistamine used to treat allergies. It does not have any bile acid sequestrant properties. Therefore, A is the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are all actual bile acid sequestrants.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because all the statements provided in choices A, C, and D are true about oral contraceptives (OCs). A: Estrostep, Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Beyaz, and YAZ are indeed approved for managing acne in women. C: OCs do favorably affect menstrual symptoms by reducing cramps, menstrual flow volume, and duration. D: OCs have been shown to decrease the risk for several disorders, including ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cysts, pelvic inflammatory disease, and benign breast disease. Therefore, since all the statements are true, the correct answer is B.