ATI RN
Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the ff. is the best explanation of emphysema for a newly diagnosed patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best explanation of emphysema for a newly diagnosed patient is that "Your lungs have lost some of their elasticity, and air gets trapped." This explanation succinctly captures the key characteristic of emphysema, which is the destruction of the alveoli in the lungs leading to the loss of elasticity. When the alveoli lose their elasticity, they are not able to effectively expel air during exhalation, causing air to become trapped in the lungs. This trapped air leads to difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, and other respiratory symptoms commonly associated with emphysema. This explanation is clear and focuses on the primary pathology of emphysema, making it the most appropriate choice for a newly diagnosed patient to understand their condition.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a child with croup and a sore throat in the ED. The child is drooling and agitated. The nurse should know that examining the child's throat using a tongue depressor might precipitate which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When assessing a child with croup who is drooling and agitated, the nurse should be aware that examining the throat using a tongue depressor can potentially precipitate a complete airway obstruction. Croup is characterized by upper airway inflammation, particularly around the larynx and trachea, leading to a barking cough, hoarseness, and respiratory distress. In a child with croup who is already showing signs of airway compromise such as drooling and agitation, any manipulation in the throat area can cause further swelling and lead to a complete obstruction of the airway. This can be a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate intervention to secure the airway and ensure adequate oxygenation. Therefore, utmost caution should be taken when performing any procedures that may exacerbate the child's respiratory distress in this situation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse knows that a client understands a low residue diet when he selects which of the following from the menu?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A low residue diet is designed to minimize the amount of undigested food in the stool, therefore reducing the frequency and volume of bowel movements. Foods high in fiber, such as pasta with vegetables and strawberry pie, may not be suitable for a low residue diet as they can increase stool bulk. Tuna casserole may contain ingredients like bread crumbs or high-fiber vegetables that are also not recommended on a low residue diet. Rice and lean chicken are good choices for this diet as they are low in fiber and easy to digest, making them suitable options for a client following a low residue diet.
Question 4 of 5
A nursing intervention for anemia is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anemia is a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count or insufficient hemoglobin levels, resulting in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood. One of the nursing interventions for anemia is to promote a high protein, vitamin, and iron diet. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. Including foods rich in iron, such as lean meats, dark leafy greens, beans, and fortified cereals, can help boost iron levels in the body. Additionally, consuming foods high in vitamin C can also aid in iron absorption. Protein is crucial for overall health and plays a role in red blood cell production. By encouraging a nutrient-rich diet, nurses can help support the body's ability to replenish its red blood cell supply and improve the symptoms associated with anemia.
Question 5 of 5
Three days after admission Ms. CC continued to have frequent stools. Her oral intake of both fluids and solids are poor. Her physician ordered parenteral hyperalimentation. Hyperalimentation solutions are:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyperalimentation solutions are hypertonic or hyperosmolar solutions used to provide complete nutrition intravenously when a patient is unable to receive adequate nutrition orally. These solutions contain a high concentration of glucose, amino acids, electrolytes, and essential vitamins and minerals. They are used to reverse negative nitrogen balance, provide adequate caloric intake, and promote healing and recovery in patients who are unable to eat or absorb nutrients properly. Hyperalimentation solutions are not used to increase the osmotic pressure of blood plasma (Choice A), for hydration when hemoconcentration is present (Choice B), or to treat metabolic acidosis (Choice C).