ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the ff statements justifies the administration of the prescribed anticonvulsant phenytoin to a client before the intracranial surgery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement justifying the administration of the prescribed anticonvulsant phenytoin to a client before intracranial surgery is "To reduce the risk of seizures before and after surgery." Patients undergoing intracranial surgery are at an increased risk of seizures due to the manipulation of the brain tissue and the potential for increased intracranial pressure during the procedure. Administering an anticonvulsant like phenytoin before surgery helps reduce the risk of seizures both during the surgery and in the postoperative period. This proactive approach not only protects the patient from the potential harm associated with seizures but also contributes to a smoother recovery process.
Question 2 of 5
A 34 year old male client is diagnosed with encephalitis. Medication has been started for him and he is receiving nursing care. Which of the ff nursing interventions are the most critical for such a client? Choose all that apply
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: B. Evaluating the client's ventilation capacity and lung sounds frequently is crucial in encephalitis because the inflammation of the brain can affect the respiratory center, leading to respiratory compromise. Any changes in ventilation capacity or abnormal lung sounds should be addressed immediately to prevent respiratory distress.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse has given medication instruction to the client receiving phenyton (Dilantin). The nurse determines that the client has an adequate understanding if the client states that:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin (Dilantin) can cause gingival hyperplasia, a side effect manifested by overgrowth of the gums. To help prevent this side effect, patients taking phenytoin should maintain good oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing and flossing. This statement shows an understanding of the importance of oral care while on phenytoin therapy, making it the correct answer choice.
Question 4 of 5
When assessing the external ear, the nurse palpates a small protrusion of the helix called a Darwin tubercle. The nurse would document this finding as which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A Darwin tubercle is a small, painless, hereditary nodule located on the helix of the ear. It is a normal anatomical variation and is present in varying degrees in the general population, regardless of age. Therefore, it would be documented as a normal finding during the assessment of the external ear.
Question 5 of 5
The following would be a symptom the nurse would expect to find during assessment of a patient with macular degeneration, EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Macular degeneration primarily affects the macula, which is responsible for central vision. Therefore, symptoms typically include loss of central vision, decreased ability to distinguish colors, and loss of near vision. Loss of peripheral vision is not a common symptom associated with macular degeneration. Instead, it is more commonly seen in conditions affecting the peripheral retina, such as retinitis pigmentosa.