ATI RN
NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the ff is the diagnostic sign for pericarditis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The classic diagnostic sign for pericarditis is the presence of a pericardial friction rub upon auscultation. This sound is caused by the inflamed pericardial layers rubbing against each other during the cardiac cycle. While precordial pain is a common symptom of pericarditis, it is not a specific diagnostic sign. Hypotension and rapid/labored respirations may occur in severe cases or complications but are not definitive diagnostic signs for pericarditis.
Question 2 of 5
Antihistamines are used cautiously in older men with prostatic hypertrophy for which of the ff reasons?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antihistamines are used cautiously in older men with prostatic hypertrophy (enlarged prostate) because these clients may experience difficulty voiding. Antihistamines can cause urinary retention by causing decreased bladder contractility and relaxation of the bladder neck muscles. In individuals with prostatic hypertrophy, there is already an increased risk of urinary retention due to obstruction caused by the enlarged prostate. Therefore, the use of antihistamines can exacerbate this condition, leading to further difficulty in urination. It is important to monitor these individuals closely and consider alternative medications that do not pose a risk of worsening urinary symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
A client with allergic rhinitis is prescribed loratadine (Claritin). On a follow-up visit, the client tells the nurse, "I take one 10-mg of Claritin with a glass of water two times daily". The nurse concludes that the client requires additional teaching about this medication because:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Loratadine (Claritin) is typically taken once daily for allergic rhinitis. Taking it two times daily as stated by the client is unnecessary and indicates a lack of understanding about the appropriate dosing schedule for this medication. Claritin is indeed the trade name for loratadine, and it is available in 10mg tablets, but the issue here is the incorrect dosing frequency.
Question 4 of 5
A client seeks medical evaluation for fatigue, night sweats, and a 20-lb weight loss in 6 weeks. To confirm that the client has been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the nurse expects the physician to order:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The confirmatory test for HIV infection is a Western blot test. However, before a Western blot test is conducted, an initial screening test with high sensitivity, such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), is typically performed. ELISA is used to detect the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood. If the ELISA test is positive, a Western blot test is then performed to confirm the presence of specific HIV antibodies. The Western blot test is a more specific test for HIV antibodies and is used to confirm the diagnosis. Therefore, in this case, the physician would most likely order a Western blot test following a positive ELISA test to confirm the client's HIV infection.
Question 5 of 5
A client has been taking a decongestant for allergic rhinitis. During a follow-up visit, which of the following suggests that the decongestant has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A decongestant is a medication often used to relieve nasal congestion and reduce allergy symptoms such as sneezing. If a client with allergic rhinitis has experienced reduced sneezing during a follow-up visit after taking a decongestant, it suggests that the medication has been effective in helping to alleviate their symptoms. Increased salivation, increased tearing, and headache are not typical indicators of the effectiveness of a decongestant for allergic rhinitis.