Which of the ff factors predisposes a client to the development of TB?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Malnutrition predisposes a client to the development of Tuberculosis (TB) because a lack of proper nutrition weakens the immune system, making the individual more susceptible to infections such as TB. Adequate nutrition is essential for maintaining a healthy immune system that can effectively fight off pathogens. Malnourished individuals are less able to mount a strong immune response, thus increasing their vulnerability to contracting TB and experiencing more severe symptoms and complications from the disease.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are proteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances. These proteins are specifically designed to recognize and bind to antigens, which are molecules that the immune system identifies as foreign or harmful. Antibodies play a crucial role in the immune response by marking pathogens for destruction by other immune cells and signaling the immune system to attack the invaders. Therefore, antibodies are primarily made up of proteins.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Following a balanced and varied diet is the best dietary advice to maximize immune function in healthy individuals. A balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrient-dense foods provides the necessary vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and macronutrients to support overall health and immune function. This approach ensures that the body receives a wide range of nutrients that are essential for optimal immune system functioning.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: AIDS related distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) is a common neurological complication in individuals living with HIV or AIDS. One of the hallmark symptoms associated with DSP is the presence of abnormal sensations such as burning pain, tingling, numbness, and hypersensitivity in the distal extremities. These abnormal sensations are typically described as a feeling of pins and needles or electric shocks. Patients may also experience a loss of proprioception, leading to difficulties in coordination and balance. Staggering gait and muscle incoordination (choice A) may be seen in patients with advanced stages of DSP, but the primary symptom associated with the condition is the presence of abnormal sensory perceptions. Delusional thinking (choice C) and incontinence (choice D) are not typical symptoms of AIDS related distal sensory polyneuropathy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Basophils are a type of white blood cell that are involved in releasing histamine during an allergic reaction. When an allergen triggers the immune system, basophils release histamine and other chemical mediators. Histamine plays a key role in the inflammatory response associated with allergies, leading to symptoms such as itching, hives, and swelling. Basophils are known for their role in allergic reactions and are an important part of the body's defense against parasites and in the inflammatory response.