ATI RN
Free Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the ff causes memory cells to convert to plasma cells?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Memory cells are a type of immune cell that "remembers" a specific antigen through previous exposure. When the body encounters the same antigen again during a re-exposure, the memory cells quickly recognize it and can rapidly convert into effector cells, such as plasma cells. Plasma cells are specialized cells that produce antibodies targeted against that specific antigen. This rapid conversion process allows the immune system to mount a quicker and more effective response upon encountering the antigen for the second time.
Question 2 of 5
During a routine check-up, the nurse evaluates a client with rheumatoid arthritis. To assess for the most obvious disease manifestations first, the nurse checks for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When evaluating a client with rheumatoid arthritis, the nurse should check for joint abnormalities first because it is the most obvious manifestation of the disease. Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the joints, causing inflammation, pain, stiffness, and potentially deformity over time. Assessing for joint abnormalities can provide crucial information about the severity and progression of the disease, guiding further assessment and intervention plans. Muscle weakness, painful subcutaneous nodules, and gait disturbances can also be present in rheumatoid arthritis, but joint abnormalities are the hallmark feature that should be assessed initially.
Question 3 of 5
A client is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After recovering from the initial shock of the diagnosis, the client expresses a desire to learn as much as possible about HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). When teaching the client about the immune system, the nurse states that adaptive immunity is provide by which type of white blood cell?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lymphocytes are the type of white blood cells that provide adaptive immunity. There are two main types of lymphocytes: B cells and T cells. B cells produce antibodies that can specifically recognize and target certain pathogens (including HIV), while T cells have various functions in the immune response, such as directly killing infected cells or helping other immune cells. Adaptive immunity is characterized by the body's ability to remember specific pathogens and mount a targeted response upon subsequent exposures. In the context of HIV and AIDS, understanding the role of lymphocytes in adaptive immunity is essential for the client to comprehend how the virus affects the immune system and why immune function becomes compromised over time.
Question 4 of 5
In teaching a female client who is HIV positive about pregnancy, the nurse would know more teaching is necessary when the client says:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A indicates a misunderstanding about HIV transmission during pregnancy. In reality, with proper medical care and management during pregnancy and delivery, the risk of transmitting HIV from mother to baby can be significantly reduced but not completely eliminated. The virus can be passed from mother to baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, but it is not directly from the placenta. This misconception highlights the need for further education and clarification on the modes of HIV transmission from mother to child during pregnancy and delivery. Options B, C, and D all demonstrate understanding and appropriate planning related to HIV and pregnancy.
Question 5 of 5
What is the causative agent in HIV/AIDS?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The causative agent of HIV/AIDS is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV infects and kills the immune system's CD4 T cells, weakening the immune system and making the body more susceptible to infections and certain cancers. The virus is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, exposure to infected blood, sharing needles, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum, and Chlamydia trachomatis are all different microorganisms that are not responsible for causing HIV/AIDS.