Which nursing statement explains how methylphenidate works when teaching parents about this medication?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Methylphenidate is a stimulant that works by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, specifically dopamine and norepinephrine. It helps improve focus, attention, and impulse control in individuals with ADHD. While the exact mechanism of how it works is not fully understood, research suggests that it enhances the activity of these neurotransmitters in the brain. Choice A is incorrect because methylphenidate is not a sedative and does not decrease energy levels. Choice C is incorrect because methylphenidate works by increasing, not decreasing, the levels of dopamine in the brain. Choice D is incorrect because methylphenidate primarily affects dopamine and norepinephrine levels, not serotonin levels. In summary, choice B is the correct answer as it accurately describes the general understanding of how methylphenidate works as a stimulant to alleviate symptoms of ADHD.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of discussing terminating the nurse-client relationship, Nurse Tony should first broach this topic during the termination phase when discharge plans are being made (Option A). This phase is the most appropriate as it allows for a structured and gradual ending of the therapeutic relationship, ensuring that the client is adequately prepared for the transition and can access continued support if needed. The working phase (Option B) is focused on interventions and goal achievement, making it less suitable for initiating discussions about termination. In the orientation phase (Option C), the relationship is still being established, so discussing termination prematurely may disrupt the trust-building process. Additionally, waiting for the client to bring up termination during the working phase (Option D) may delay the process and potentially lead to abrupt endings without proper closure. Educationally, understanding the timing of discussing termination in a therapeutic relationship is crucial for nursing professionals. It involves ethical considerations, client autonomy, and ensuring a smooth transition out of care. By addressing this topic during the termination phase, nurses can uphold professional boundaries, respect client autonomy, and facilitate a positive closure to the relationship, ultimately promoting the client's well-being and continuity of care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Psychiatric nurses use complex communication skills as well as critical thinking to solve multidimensional problems. This response is the best choice because it highlights the unique skill set required in mental health nursing. Mental health nurses indeed utilize a wide range of clinical nursing skills, including therapeutic communication, critical thinking, and problem-solving to address the complex needs of individuals with mental health issues. These nurses work with patients facing diverse challenges such as psychiatric disorders, emotional crises, and behavioral issues, requiring a specialized set of skills to provide effective care and support. Option B is incorrect because it inaccurately suggests that psychiatric nursing is safer than other specialties, which is a subjective claim not supported by evidence. All nursing specialties carry inherent risks, and safety is an important consideration across the healthcare spectrum. Option C is incorrect as it focuses on technological aspects of nursing care, which, although important, do not address the specific concern raised by the student regarding the loss of clinical nursing skills in mental health nursing. Option D is incorrect as it perpetuates a misconception that psychiatric nurses do not encounter pain and suffering in their practice. Mental health nurses work with individuals experiencing significant emotional distress, trauma, and psychological pain, and they play a crucial role in helping patients navigate these challenges. In an educational context, it is essential to emphasize the diverse skill set required in mental health nursing and dispel myths or misconceptions that may undermine the value and complexity of this nursing specialty. By highlighting the range of skills and expertise needed in psychiatric nursing, educators can promote a more comprehensive understanding of this vital area of healthcare practice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of Theories of Health Behavior Change, it is important to understand culture-bound syndromes, which are disorders that are specific to certain cultural groups. In this case, "Running amok" is an example of a culture-bound syndrome. The correct answer, option C, "Running amok," is a culture-bound syndrome observed in Southeast Asia, particularly Malaysia and the Philippines. It is characterized by a sudden outburst of violent and aggressive behavior. Understanding culture-bound syndromes like "Running amok" is crucial in healthcare to provide culturally sensitive care and avoid misdiagnosis or misunderstanding of symptoms. Option A, Epilepsy, is a neurological disorder characterized by unpredictable seizures and is not a culture-bound syndrome. Option B, Schizophrenia, is a mental disorder that affects a person's thinking, feeling, and behavior, and is not specific to any culture. Option D, Major depressive disorder, is a common mental health condition found across different cultures and is not culture-bound. Educationally, knowing about culture-bound syndromes highlights the importance of cultural competence in healthcare. Healthcare providers need to be aware of these syndromes to deliver effective and respectful care to individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds. Understanding cultural nuances in health behaviors and beliefs is essential for promoting health behavior change within specific cultural contexts.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Care is centered on the patient. Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) emphasizes patient-centered care as a core component of nursing practice. In the context of treating mental illness, this means that healthcare providers should prioritize the needs, preferences, and values of the individual receiving care. Patient-centered care involves actively involving patients in decision-making, respecting their autonomy, and considering their unique circumstances. Option A) All genomes are unique, while an important concept in personalized medicine, is not a specific component of treatment for mental illness as recognized by QSEN. Option C) Healthy development is vital to mental health, while true in a broader sense, does not directly address the specific component recognized by QSEN in the treatment of mental illness. Option D) Recovery occurs on a continuum from illness to health, is a general principle of recovery-oriented care but does not specifically align with the patient-centered focus highlighted by QSEN. In an educational context, understanding the principles of patient-centered care is crucial for nursing students as it forms the foundation of providing high-quality, individualized care to patients, including those with mental health conditions. By prioritizing the patient's perspective and involving them in their care, nurses can better support the overall well-being and recovery of individuals with mental illness.