ATI RN
Kaplan and Sadocks Synopsis of Psychiatry Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
Which nursing intervention supports the principles on which the cross-links theory of aging is based?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because selecting foods high in vitamins A, C, and E supports the principles of the cross-links theory of aging, which focuses on the accumulation of damage from oxidative stress. Vitamins A, C, and E are antioxidants that help combat oxidative stress and reduce the formation of cross-links in tissues. This intervention can potentially slow down the aging process by reducing cellular damage. Choice A is incorrect because applying an elastin-sustaining moisturizer does not directly address the oxidative stress aspect of the cross-links theory of aging. Choice B is incorrect as assessing family history for genetic diseases does not specifically target the mechanisms involved in the cross-links theory of aging. Choice C is incorrect because questioning about exposure to environmental toxins may be important for overall health but is not directly related to the principles of the cross-links theory of aging.
Question 2 of 9
Which intervention should the nurse plan to reduce the patient's focus on delusional thinking?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because focusing on the feelings suggested by the delusion can help the patient process and manage their emotions underlying the delusion. By addressing the emotions, the nurse can help the patient gain insight into the delusion and reduce its intensity. Confronting the delusion (A) may lead to resistance and reinforcement. Refuting the delusion with logic (B) may further alienate the patient. Exploring reasons for the delusion (C) may not directly address the emotional component.
Question 3 of 9
The nurse is assessing a child with autism. Which of the following behaviors would the nurse expect to observe?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Repeating, milk, milk, milk, milk until given a drink. This behavior is a characteristic of children with autism, known as echolalia. Echolalia is the repetition of words or phrases spoken by others, often used by individuals with autism to communicate or self-soothe. This behavior is a common feature of autism spectrum disorder and is indicative of language difficulties and communication challenges. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not specifically relate to behaviors typically observed in children with autism. Referring to an imaginary friend (A) is not exclusive to autism, asking to telephone friends on weekends (B) is a social behavior that can be seen in children without autism, and insisting on a dim light in the bedroom (D) is a preference that does not directly relate to the core characteristics of autism.
Question 4 of 9
The best response to the patient’s statement, "They frobitz me," would be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it seeks clarification and prompts the patient to specify who they are referring to when they say "everybody." This response shows active listening and encourages deeper communication. Choice A offers sympathy but doesn't address the issue directly. Choice C dismisses the significance of "frobitzing." Choice D asks for the reason behind "frobitzing" without seeking clarification on the people involved.
Question 5 of 9
The parents of an 8-year-old are attempting to help their child comprehend new information. Which intervention suggested by the nurse shows an understanding of the cognitive development theory for this age group?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Comparing the child’s experiences to the new material. At the age of 8, children are in the concrete operational stage according to Piaget's cognitive development theory. This stage is characterized by the ability to think logically about concrete events and understand the concept of conservation. By comparing the child's experiences to the new material, the parents are helping the child make connections between what they already know and the new information, which facilitates understanding. Drawing and illustrations (choice A) are helpful for visual learners but may not necessarily tap into the child's cognitive development stage. Encouraging the child to talk about new information (choice C) is beneficial for communication skills but may not directly address cognitive development. Asking the child to give a reason for how they feel about new information (choice D) focuses more on emotions rather than cognitive understanding.
Question 6 of 9
Which nursing intervention supports the principles on which the cross-links theory of aging is based?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because selecting foods high in vitamins A, C, and E supports the principles of the cross-links theory of aging, which focuses on the accumulation of damage from oxidative stress. Vitamins A, C, and E are antioxidants that help combat oxidative stress and reduce the formation of cross-links in tissues. This intervention can potentially slow down the aging process by reducing cellular damage. Choice A is incorrect because applying an elastin-sustaining moisturizer does not directly address the oxidative stress aspect of the cross-links theory of aging. Choice B is incorrect as assessing family history for genetic diseases does not specifically target the mechanisms involved in the cross-links theory of aging. Choice C is incorrect because questioning about exposure to environmental toxins may be important for overall health but is not directly related to the principles of the cross-links theory of aging.
Question 7 of 9
An elderly couple who lived in the same home for the past 50 years have moved into an adult retirement center in a nearby town. Changes in lifestyle such as this couple is experiencing should alert the nurse to the possibility of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Adventitious crisis. This type of crisis is triggered by external events such as moving to a retirement center after 50 years in the same home. The sudden change in environment can lead to distress and challenges for the elderly couple, causing an adventitious crisis. Acute grief (A) and traumatic grief (B) are typically associated with the loss of a loved one, not a change in lifestyle. Chronic sorrow (C) refers to ongoing grief related to a chronic illness or disability, which is not the case in this scenario.
Question 8 of 9
Nursing preparation for a client undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) resemble those used for general anesthesia. The nurse should follow these steps for this procedure (place in the order they will occur):
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Educating the patient and family is crucial as it helps alleviate anxiety and ensures informed consent. 2. Monitoring vital signs (A) should be done before, during, and after the procedure, not necessarily in a specific order. 3. Medication administration (B) should be based on physician's orders but is not the initial step. 4. Checking a signed consent (D) is important but typically done before proceeding with any procedure, not necessarily in a specific order.
Question 9 of 9
Which description is characteristic of an impulsive child?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. An impulsive child typically acts without thinking or considering consequences, such as running into the street without looking. This behavior is impulsive, risky, and disregards safety instructions. Choices B and C describe behaviors that are more indicative of other issues like hyperactivity or hallucinations. Choice D suggests difficulty concentrating, which is not directly related to impulsivity. In summary, the key characteristic of an impulsive child is acting quickly without considering potential dangers or instructions.