ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Questions and Answers Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a patient with chronic venous insufficiency?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic venous insufficiency leads to venous stasis, causing skin changes (e.g., ulcers, discoloration), making 'Skin Integrity, impaired' most appropriate. A may occur but is secondary, B is psychosocial, and C contradicts fluid retention.
Question 2 of 5
The sinoatrial node is situated in the wall of the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart’s primary pacemaker, is located in the upper wall of the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava. It initiates the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat.
Question 3 of 5
Compared to veins, arteries contain a thicker:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Arteries have a thicker tunica media (smooth muscle and elastic fibers) to withstand and regulate high pressure. Veins have a thicker tunica adventitia (connective tissue) but less muscle overall.
Question 4 of 5
In the brain, the endothelial cells of the capillary walls are more tightly fused than those in other body regions. This fact underlies the operation of the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The blood-brain barrier relies on tightly fused endothelial cells (tight junctions) in brain capillaries, restricting passage of substances and protecting the CNS, aided by astrocytes but defined by this structure.
Question 5 of 5
A client is admitted with an occlusion (blockage) of the circumflex artery. When discussing the diagnosis with the client and family, the nurse would explain that this vessel is a branch of the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The circumflex artery is a branch of the left coronary artery, which originates from the aorta. It supplies the left atrium and ventricle. Pulmonary veins and arteries relate to lung circulation, and the superior vena cava is a vein, not an artery.