Which nursing assessments are directed at monitoring a patient's fight-or-flight response? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (Blood pressure) because monitoring blood pressure is essential in assessing the fight-or-flight response. During this response, the body releases stress hormones that can increase blood pressure. Heart rate (B) and respiratory rate (C) are also affected by the fight-or-flight response but are not as specific indicators as blood pressure. Abdominal pain (D) is not directly related to monitoring the fight-or-flight response.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Maternal stress. Maternal stress during pregnancy can affect the unborn child's development, potentially leading to high-risk behavior in the future. Research shows that exposure to abuse and stress during pregnancy can impact the child's neurological and hormonal development, increasing the likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors as a teenager. This is because stress hormones can cross the placenta, affecting the baby's brain development. Summary: - Choice B (Parental nurturing) is incorrect because the question specifically mentions abuse, which is not nurturing behavior. - Choice C (Appropriate stress responses in the brain) is incorrect as it does not address the negative impact of maternal stress during pregnancy on the child's behavior. - Choice D (Memories of the abuse) is incorrect as the unborn child does not have memories of the abuse, but rather experiences the effects of maternal stress during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the patient's history with their parents often influences their relationships and interactions with authority figures, such as nurses. Patients may transfer feelings, behaviors, and expectations from past experiences with parents onto nurses. This can result in nurse-focused transference. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because transference is primarily based on unconscious feelings and past experiences, not necessarily on similarities to disliked individuals, diagnosed mental illness, or authority levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because indigenous cultures often believe in a holistic approach to health, viewing illness as a result of being out of harmony with nature. This belief influences their health practices. Choice A is more related to adherence to medical advice, not specifically tied to indigenous beliefs. Choice C reflects individual discomfort with spending money, not necessarily a cultural belief. Choice D may not necessarily align with indigenous beliefs as refusal of treatment can vary based on individual circumstances, not solely due to cultural beliefs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because planning mealtime around the patient's prayer schedule shows respect for the patient's religious beliefs and cultural practices. This action demonstrates cultural competence by acknowledging and accommodating the patient's needs and preferences. The other choices, although important in addressing the spiritual and cultural needs of patients, do not specifically demonstrate cultural competence as directly as option A. Helping a patient visit with the hospital chaplain (B) and providing time for a patient's spiritual healer to visit (D) are important for spiritual support but may not necessarily address cultural competence. Researching foods for a lacto-ovo-vegetarian patient (C) is more related to dietary preferences rather than a demonstration of cultural competence.