Which nursing action included in the care of a patient after laminectomy can the nurse delegate to experienced unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because log rolling the patient from side to side every 2 hours is a task that can be safely delegated to experienced unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). This task helps prevent complications such as pressure ulcers and promotes mobility without risking injury. A: Checking the ability to plantar and dorsiflex the foot requires clinical judgment and may indicate nerve damage, which should be assessed by a licensed nurse. B: Determining the patient's readiness to ambulate involves assessing strength, balance, and coordination, which requires nursing judgment and assessment skills. D: Asking about pain management with PCA involves assessing the effectiveness of the pain control method and potential side effects, which should be done by a licensed nurse.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased epidermal cell turnover. Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder characterized by rapid growth and shedding of skin cells. This results from an increased rate of epidermal cell proliferation, leading to the formation of dry, itchy plaques. Choice B, IgE-mediated immune reaction, is incorrect as psoriasis is not primarily an allergic reaction. Choice C, hormonal influences on sebaceous gland activity, is incorrect as psoriasis is not related to sebaceous gland function. Choice D, human papillomaviruses (HPV), is incorrect as HPV is not associated with psoriasis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Larger than other nevi. Dysplastic nevi are typically larger than common nevi and have irregular borders. This is a key characteristic that distinguishes them as potential precursors of malignant melanoma. Oval epidermal nests (B) and dermal cords of cells (C) are not specific features of dysplastic nevi. Brown, rounded papules (D) are common characteristics of regular nevi and do not necessarily indicate dysplasia or precursors to melanoma.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Routine skin assessment targets visible and tactile traits, excluding 'ankle-brachial index' . ABI measures vascular flow e.g., 0.9 ratio flags peripheral artery disease per Baranoski and Ayello (2004), not skin integrity. , 'color,' reveals e.g., pallor (low perfusion) or redness (inflammation) a daily check. , 'turgor,' tests elasticity e.g., tenting signals dehydration standard in nursing. , 'temperature,' flags e.g., warmth (infection) or coolness (poor flow) routine bedside. ABI, a Doppler test e.g., takes 10 minutes diagnoses circulation, not skin's state, unlike color's instant jaundice' cue. A nurse inspecting e.g., Dry, cool legs' covers A-C, per *Wound Care Essentials*, skipping ABI unless vascular issues arise. It's specialized, not routine e.g., 5% of skin checks making the correct, non-standard parameter.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A hip ulcer with tunneling but no bone is 'Stage 3' , per Potter's *Essentials*. Full-thickness loss e.g., 4 cm deep, fat visible includes tunneling, unlike 'Stage 1' , redness e.g., intact. 'Stage 2' is partial e.g., shallow, no tunnel. 'Stage 4' shows bone e.g., not here. A nurse records e.g., Tunneling 2 cm' Stage 3's 30% rate, per NPUAP, needing packing. Potter notes Stage 3 stops at fat, distinct from Stage 4's deeper breach, a key assessment. is the correct, full-thickness stage.