Which nursing action following World War II represents an autonomous public-health nursing function?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because conducting vaccination campaigns to promote immunizations represents an autonomous public-health nursing function. Public health nursing focuses on promoting and protecting the health of populations through preventive measures like immunizations. This role does not require direct collaboration with physicians or performing medical procedures, making choices A, C, and D incorrect. Providing direct care to wounded soldiers and assisting in surgical operations are more focused on individual patient care rather than population health promotion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Social prescribing involves linking individuals with non-medical sources of support to improve their health and well-being. By suggesting volunteer work to a client feeling depressed after retiring, the nurse helps address the client's emotional needs and social isolation, promoting mental well-being. Referring a client with heart failure to a cardiac rehabilitation program (A) involves medical intervention. Teaching a client with diabetes how to inject insulin (B) is related to disease management. Assessing social resources of a community (D) is broader and does not directly address the individual client's needs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because a public health nurse often collaborates with community groups to develop policies that address health needs at a population level. This aligns with the role of public health nurses in advocating for policies that promote health and prevent diseases. Choice A involves seeking input from community leaders, which is important but not the primary role of a public health nurse. Choice B focuses on assessment and intervention planning, which are crucial steps but may not be solely done by a public health nurse. Choice C relies on existing data from healthcare institutions, which is valuable but may not encompass the broader community needs. Overall, working with community groups to create policies is the most direct and impactful action for a public health nurse to address community health issues.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Which groups are at the greatest risk for problems?" This question reflects an understanding of the role of a public health nurse as it shows a focus on population health and identifying high-risk groups for targeted interventions. Public health nurses prioritize prevention and health promotion for communities, making this question relevant. The other choices are incorrect: B: "Which patients should I see first as I begin my day?" is more aligned with a hospital or clinical setting where individual patient care is emphasized. C: "With which physicians will I be most closely collaborating?" is more relevant to a nurse working in a hospital setting where collaboration with physicians is key. D: "With which nursing assistants will I partner the most?" is more suitable for a nurse working in a clinical setting where teamwork with nursing assistants is important for daily patient care tasks.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: The nurse's role is to prioritize the needs of the group over individual preferences. Step 2: Allocating resources based on the needs of the aggregate ensures fairness and maximizes benefits. Step 3: This approach aligns with the ethical principle of distributive justice. Step 4: Answer D is correct as it emphasizes the importance of considering the greater good. Summary: Option D is correct because it prioritizes the needs of the majority, promotes fairness, and aligns with ethical principles. Options A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not prioritize the greater good or ethical considerations in resource allocation decisions.