ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology The Respiratory System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which nonselective alpha-adrenergic blocking agent is still used?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Of the nonselective alpha-adrenergic blocking agents, only phentolamine is still used today. Metoprolol is a beta1-selective adrenergic blocking agent. Timolol and propranolol are nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agents. The nurse should understand the indications for phentolamine to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following medications is known to act on the Renin-Angiotensin- Aldosterone System (RAAS), in order to prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to the angiotensin II?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ACE (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) inhibitors are known to act on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to the active angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor and also stimulates the release of aldosterone, leading to increased blood pressure. By inhibiting ACE, ACE inhibitors help to lower blood pressure and reduce the secretion of aldosterone, thereby decreasing the overall vasoconstriction and volume expansion effects of the RAAS. Examples of ACE inhibitors include medications such as lisinopril, enalapril, and captopril.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been taking digoxin at home but took an accidental overdose and has developed toxicity. The patient has been admitted to the telemetry unit, where the physician has ordered
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct response is E, This drug is an antidote to digoxin and will help to lower the blood levels. In cases of digoxin toxicity, the antidote is digoxin immune fab (Digibind), which helps to lower the blood levels of digoxin by binding to it and facilitating its removal from the body. This response provides the patient with important information about the purpose of the medication being ordered by the physician. It is crucial that the patient understands the rationale behind the treatment to manage the overdose effectively.
Question 4 of 5
A patient taking isoniazid is worried about the negative effects of the drug. The nurse provides information knowing that which is an adverse effect of the drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isoniazid is associated with hepatotoxicity, which can range from asymptomatic elevation of liver enzymes to severe hepatitis. Patients should be monitored for symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, and jaundice. Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity are not common adverse effects of isoniazid. Optic neuritis is a rare side effect of ethambutol, another antitubercular drug, not isoniazid.
Question 5 of 5
A 48-year-old woman with 2-year history of rheumatoid arthritis has not had sufficient relief with methotrexate alone. Her physician prescribes etanercept to help control her symptoms. How does etanercept work?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Etanercept, a TNF-α inhibitor, works by inhibiting TNF-α signaling , reducing RA inflammation. Substance P depletion , COX inhibition , and chemotaxis inhibition are unrelated. Arachidonic acid prevention (E) isn't its role. This targets a key RA cytokine.