Which nonpharmacologic contraceptive method has a failure rate of less than 25%?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of ethical issues in maternal newborn nursing, understanding contraceptive methods is crucial to support women in making informed decisions about their reproductive health. The correct answer, option A) Standard days' variation, is a method where couples avoid intercourse during the woman's fertile window, based on her menstrual cycle. This method has a failure rate of less than 25% when used correctly. Option B) Periodic abstinence, also known as the rhythm method, relies on tracking a woman's menstrual cycle to determine fertile days. However, this method can be less reliable due to variations in cycle length and ovulation timing, resulting in a higher failure rate than standard days' variation. Option C) Postovulation is not a recognized contraceptive method. Fertility awareness methods primarily focus on identifying fertile days before ovulation to avoid pregnancy. Option D) Coitus interruptus, or withdrawal method, involves withdrawing the penis before ejaculation. This method is highly unreliable due to pre-ejaculate fluid containing sperm and the difficulty in timing withdrawal accurately. Educationally, it is essential to emphasize the importance of evidence-based contraceptive methods to prevent unintended pregnancies and promote maternal and newborn health. Nurses play a pivotal role in educating women about various contraceptive options, including their effectiveness, benefits, and limitations, to empower them to make informed choices aligned with their reproductive goals and ethical considerations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Determine the woman's level of knowledge concerning contraception and her commitment to any particular method. This is the first action the nurse should take when meeting with a new client to discuss contraception because it establishes a foundation for personalized care. By assessing the woman's knowledge and preferences, the nurse can tailor the discussion to meet her specific needs, ensuring that she receives accurate information and feels empowered to make informed choices. Option A) Obtain data about the frequency of coitus is not the first step because it focuses on one aspect of the client's sexual activity rather than her overall contraceptive needs and preferences. Option C) Assess the woman's willingness to touch her genitals and cervical mucus is not the first step because it delves into intimate details without first establishing rapport, trust, and understanding of the client's knowledge and preferences. Option D) Evaluate the woman's contraceptive life plan is not the first step because it assumes the client already has a detailed plan in place, overlooking the importance of assessing her current knowledge and preferences as a starting point for developing a personalized plan. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind prioritizing client knowledge and preferences in contraceptive discussions underscores the importance of person-centered care in nursing practice. By starting with a client-centered approach, nurses can build trust, enhance communication, and provide individualized care that meets the unique needs of each woman seeking contraceptive guidance.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of ethical issues in maternal newborn nursing, the nurse's most appropriate response to a concern about multiple pregnancies with Clomid is option A) "Would you like to discuss further the chances of multiple pregnancies?" This response demonstrates patient-centered care by acknowledging the patient's concerns and opening the door for a comprehensive discussion about the potential risks and benefits associated with Clomid-induced multiple pregnancies. Option B is incorrect because making a definitive statement like "No one has ever had more than triplets with Clomid" is misleading and lacks ethical transparency. This type of response does not address the patient's concerns and may provide false reassurance. Option C, "Ovulation will be monitored with ultrasound," is incorrect because while monitoring ovulation is an essential aspect of Clomid therapy, it does not directly address the patient's concern about the risk of multiple pregnancies. This response lacks a patient-centered approach and fails to engage in open communication. Option D, "Ten percent is a very low risk," is incorrect because it minimizes the potential seriousness of multiple pregnancies with Clomid. This response lacks empathy and does not invite the patient to express their concerns or seek further information. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to prioritize patient-centered care, open communication, and ethical transparency when addressing concerns related to fertility treatments. By offering a supportive and informative response like option A, nurses can empower patients to make informed decisions about their healthcare while fostering a trusting nurse-patient relationship.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Uterine fibroids. Leuprolide acetate (Lupron) is a medication commonly used in the treatment of uterine fibroids. It works by inhibiting the production of estrogen, which can help shrink the fibroids and alleviate associated symptoms like heavy menstrual bleeding and pelvic pain. Option A) Anovulatory cycles is incorrect because leuprolide acetate is not typically prescribed for this condition. Anovulatory cycles are more commonly treated with medications that help stimulate ovulation. Option C) Polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) is also incorrect because while leuprolide acetate may be used in some cases of PCOD, it is not a primary treatment for this condition. PCOD is usually managed with lifestyle modifications, medications to regulate menstrual cycles, and fertility treatments. Option D) Luteal phase inadequacy is incorrect as well because leuprolide acetate is not indicated for this condition. Luteal phase inadequacy is often addressed through hormonal treatments to support adequate progesterone levels during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. In an educational context, understanding the indications for medications like leuprolide acetate is crucial for maternal newborn nurses. It allows them to provide informed care to women with various gynecological conditions, ensuring safe and effective treatment outcomes for both the mother and baby.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of a diagnosis of 'Deficient knowledge' related to conception, the correct nursing intervention that does not apply is option C) Evaluate the couple's support system. This is because assessing the support system of the couple is not directly related to addressing their deficient knowledge about conception. Option A, assessing the current level of factors promoting conception, is relevant as it helps identify areas where the couple may lack knowledge or understanding. Option B, providing information regarding conception in a supportive manner, directly addresses the deficient knowledge by educating the couple in a supportive way. Option D, identifying and describing the basic infertility tests, is also relevant as it may be necessary to rule out infertility issues contributing to the couple's difficulty in conception. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind each nursing intervention is crucial for providing effective care. Nurses must be able to critically think about the most appropriate interventions based on the specific needs of the patient. By analyzing each option in this scenario, nurses can enhance their clinical reasoning skills and ensure they are providing evidence-based care tailored to the individual needs of their patients.