Which newborn screening test is essential for earl

Question 1 of 5

Which newborn screening test is essential for early detection of congenital hypothyroidism?

A. Serum T3 levels B. TSH and T4 levels C. Thyroid ultrasound D. Thyroid antibody testing

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Congenital hypothyroidism is detected through newborn screening by measuring TSH and T4 levels. Early diagnosis and treatment with levothyroxine prevent intellectual disability and growth failure.

Question 2 of 5

Pleural friction rub is characterized by all the following EXCEPT:

A. It is audible during inspiratory phase of breathing B. It may be associated with pain C. It is unaltered by coughing D. Better heard with chest piece of stethoscope tightly placed over chest wall

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pleural friction rub is usually heard in both inspiratory and expiratory phases. Its presence suggests pleural inflammation, but excessive pleural fluid may mask it.

Question 3 of 5

Which of the following is NOT a criterion for diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus?

A. Positive ANA test B. Renal disorder C. Joint involvement D. High cholesterol

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: High cholesterol is not a diagnostic criterion for systemic lupus erythematosus; it is unrelated to the disease process.

Question 4 of 5

A patient with Apgar scores of and at and 5 minutes, respectively, appears hyperalert and has hyperactive deep tendon reflexes and mydriasis The most likely diagnosis is

A. Stage I hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy B. Stage II hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy C. Stage III hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy D. Kernicterus

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Stage I hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy presents with hyperalertness, hyperreflexia, and mydriasis

Question 5 of 5

Which is true of antihistamines?

A. Classification of antihistamines from type I to type VI is based on increasing antihistamine activity. B. Second-generation antihistamines are distinguished by greater effectiveness than first-generation antihistamines. C. The choice of antihistamines should be based on associated adverse effects and cost. D. Antihistamines are more effective in treating than preventing the action of histamine.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The choice of antihistamines should consider side effects and cost, as effectiveness varies among individuals.