Which neurotransmitter has been associated with this disorder?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Serotonin. Serotonin is associated with mood regulation and is commonly linked to mood disorders such as depression. Research has shown that imbalances in serotonin levels can contribute to the development of depression. Norepinephrine (A) and dopamine (B) are also involved in mood regulation, but serotonin is more strongly linked to mood disorders. Acetylcholine (D) is primarily involved in muscle movement and cognitive function, not mood regulation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the patient's lipid profile indicates high LDL and low HDL levels, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. By discussing medications, dietary changes, and exercise, the nurse can address these lipid abnormalities effectively. Medications may be needed to lower LDL and raise HDL levels. Dietary changes, such as reducing saturated fats and increasing fiber intake, can help improve the lipid profile. Implementing an exercise regimen can also positively impact lipid levels. Choice B is incorrect because lifestyle changes are necessary to improve the patient's lipid profile. Choice C is incorrect as a high fat intake is not recommended for someone with elevated LDL levels. Choice D is incorrect as keeping a food diary and repeating laboratory work in 6 months may not address the immediate need for intervention to manage the patient's lipid levels.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because a category 5 hurricane approaching can induce stress and anxiety, leading to an increase in blood pressure. This is a natural physiological response known as the "fight or flight" response. Choices A, B, and C are less likely as they do not directly correlate with the physiological response to stress caused by a hurricane. Choice A shows a decrease in pulse rate, which is unlikely during a stressful situation. Choice B indicates a decrease in pupil size, which is not a common response to stress. Choice C, complaints of intestinal cramping, may occur due to anxiety but are not the most likely vital sign change during a hurricane approaching.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The rationale is as follows: 1. The nurse accurately explains the purpose of the MRI as taking a picture of the brain. 2. The response addresses the patient's concern about pain by stating that the test doesn't hurt. 3. Mentioning the need to lie still covers potential discomfort during the procedure. 4. This response is informative, reassuring, and addresses the patient's questions effectively. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: A. Incorrect because it inaccurately states the purpose of the MRI and provides false reassurance about pain. B. Incorrect because it wrongly suggests the test is painful and misleadingly focuses on mental illness diagnosis. C. Incorrect because it inaccurately describes the MRI process and its relation to brain activity, leading to confusion and unnecessary worry for the patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Moderate sedation. In this situation, the nurse anesthetist mentions that the patient will be awake but likely won't remember the procedure, indicating the use of moderate sedation. Moderate sedation involves administering medications to induce a depressed level of consciousness while maintaining the patient's ability to independently maintain their airway and respond to verbal commands. Local anesthesia (A) involves numbing a specific area of the body. Topical anesthesia (C) is used on mucous membranes or skin surfaces. Spinal anesthesia (D) involves injecting anesthesia into the spinal canal to numb a larger region of the body.