Which model of health behavior change emphasizes the stages individuals go through when changing their health behaviors?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Transtheoretical Model. This model emphasizes the stages individuals go through when changing their health behaviors. It includes precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination stages. Other choices focus on different aspects of health behavior change. A: Health Belief Model emphasizes perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers. C: Social Cognitive Theory focuses on the interplay of personal factors, behavior, and environment. D: Theory of Planned Behavior emphasizes attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The Transtheoretical Model specifically outlines the stages individuals go through during behavior change, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assessing changes in the health outcomes of the community. This method is the most effective because it directly measures the impact of the health promotion program on the community's health status. By analyzing changes in health outcomes such as reduced disease incidence or improved health behaviors, one can objectively determine the program's effectiveness. A: Conducting a satisfaction survey of program participants may provide feedback on program satisfaction but does not measure actual health impact. C: Interviewing key community leaders may provide insights on program success but does not directly assess health outcomes. D: Counting the number of individuals who attended program sessions only measures program reach, not its impact on health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because collaborating with local schools to teach children healthy eating habits is the most effective strategy for long-term impact. By educating children on healthy habits early on, it can help prevent obesity in the future. This approach focuses on prevention rather than just addressing existing obesity rates. Providing information (A) may not lead to behavior change. Offering free fitness classes (B) may not address the root cause of obesity. Hosting a weight loss competition (C) may promote unhealthy weight loss methods. Collaborating with schools (D) is a proactive and sustainable approach.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because providing free vaccinations at local community centers directly addresses the barrier of cost, which is a common reason for low vaccination rates. This intervention removes a financial obstacle for community members, making it more likely for them to get vaccinated. A: Providing educational materials is important, but cost can still be a barrier. C: Conducting a survey may provide insights, but it doesn't directly increase vaccination rates. D: Sending reminders is helpful but may not address the underlying issue of cost.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Community member surveys. This is because community member surveys directly capture the perspectives and experiences of the individuals living in the community. By collecting data from community members, the nurse can gain insight into their specific health needs, concerns, and priorities. This information is crucial for identifying the most relevant health issues within the community and tailoring interventions accordingly. State health department reports (A), county health department data (C), and national health surveys (D) may provide valuable general health information, but they may not capture the unique and specific health priorities of the local community. These sources might not reflect the actual experiences and perspectives of the people living in the community, making them less useful for identifying localized health priorities.