ATI RN
Cardiovascular Inflammation Drug Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which mental illness should a nurse identify as being associated with a decrease in prolactin hormone level?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is associated with a decrease in prolactin hormone levels due to the dysregulation of dopamine, which inhibits prolactin release. Major depressive episode (A) and Alzheimer's disease (D) are not typically associated with prolactin level changes. Anorexia nervosa (C) is associated with an increase, not a decrease, in prolactin levels due to stress and malnutrition.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is taking warfarin 5 mg/day for atrial fibrillation. The patient’s international normalized ratio is 3.8. The nurse would consider the international normalized ratio to be what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Elevated range. An international normalized ratio (INR) of 3.8 is above the target range for patients on warfarin therapy for atrial fibrillation, which is usually between 2.0 to 3.0. This elevated INR indicates that the patient is at an increased risk of bleeding due to the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Monitoring and potentially adjusting the dosage of warfarin would be necessary to bring the INR back into the therapeutic range and reduce the risk of adverse events. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the significance of an INR of 3.8 in a patient on warfarin therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A drug blocks the attachment of norepinephrine to 1 receptors. The patient may experience:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: orthostatic hypotension. Blocking norepinephrine from binding to alpha-1 receptors would result in decreased vasoconstriction, leading to a drop in blood pressure upon standing (orthostatic hypotension). A is incorrect as hypertensive crisis would not occur due to reduced norepinephrine action. C is incorrect as appetite disturbance is not a typical effect of alpha-1 receptor blockage. D is incorrect as an increase in psychotic symptoms is not directly related to norepinephrine-α1 receptor interaction.
Question 4 of 5
The physician reviewing a patient’s medical record states, “This patient’s behavior leads me to wonder if a limbic system problem might be involved.” If this is true, the nurse would be most likely to observe the patient having difficulty:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The limbic system is responsible for regulating emotions, memory, and arousal. Dysfunction in the limbic system can impact coordination of stress-related responses and complex movements. This can manifest as difficulty in responding effectively to stressors or in performing coordinated movements. Therefore, the correct answer is D. A: Regulating emotional behavior is more associated with the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. B: Abstract reasoning and higher-order thinking are primarily controlled by the prefrontal cortex. C: Critical decision making, weighing alternatives, and planning involve the prefrontal cortex and other areas of the brain, not specifically the limbic system.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is undergoing abdominal surgery and has been anesthetized for 3 hours. Which nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Impaired gas exchange related to central nervous system depression produced by general anesthesia. During abdominal surgery under general anesthesia, the patient's central nervous system is depressed, leading to impaired gas exchange. This is due to decreased respiratory drive and potential airway obstruction. It is essential for the nurse to monitor the patient's respiratory rate, depth, and oxygen saturation to prevent respiratory complications. Choice A (Anxiety related to the use of an anesthetic) is incorrect because anxiety is not a priority nursing diagnosis during surgery under anesthesia. Choice B (Risk for injury related to increased sensorium from general anesthesia) is incorrect as general anesthesia actually decreases sensorium, reducing the risk for injury. Choice C (Decreased cardiac output related to systemic effects of local anesthesia) is incorrect as local anesthesia does not typically affect cardiac output during abdominal surgery under general anesthesia.