ATI RN
Nursing Care of Pediatrics Respiratory Disorders Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which medication should the nurse administer for quick relief to a child with asthma who is coughing, wheezing, and having difficulty breathing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In pediatric asthma management, the quick-acting medication of choice for relieving acute symptoms like coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing is Albuterol (Option C). Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist bronchodilator that works rapidly to open up the airways, providing immediate relief during an asthma attack. It is a first-line treatment for acute exacerbations in both children and adults due to its rapid onset of action. Prednisone (Option A) is a corticosteroid that is used for long-term control of asthma symptoms and to reduce airway inflammation, but it is not the medication of choice for quick relief during an acute asthma attack. Singulair (montelukast) (Option B) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that is used for long-term asthma management and prevention of symptoms, but it is not as effective for providing quick relief during an acute asthma attack as Albuterol. Flovent (fluticasone) (Option D) is an inhaled corticosteroid that is also used for long-term asthma control and prevention of symptoms, but like Prednisone and Singulair, it is not the best choice for quick relief during an acute asthma exacerbation. Educationally, understanding the appropriate medications for different stages of asthma management is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with respiratory disorders. Recognizing the differences between long-term control medications and quick-relief medications is essential for providing safe and effective care to children with asthma.
Question 2 of 5
A postpartum nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a newborn infant with hyperbilirubinemia who is being breastfed. The nurse provides which most appropriate instructions to the mother?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Continue to breastfeed every 2-4 hours. In the context of a newborn infant with hyperbilirubinemia, breastfeeding helps promote the passage of meconium, which aids in the elimination of excess bilirubin from the body. Continuing to breastfeed frequently ensures that the baby receives adequate nutrition and hydration, which is essential for managing hyperbilirubinemia. Option A is incorrect because switching to bottle feeding for 2 weeks can disrupt the establishment of breastfeeding and may not be necessary for managing hyperbilirubinemia in a breastfed infant. Option B is also incorrect as stopping breastfeeding and switching to bottle-feeding permanently is not recommended unless there are specific medical reasons to do so. Option D is incorrect because feeding the newborn infant less frequently can lead to inadequate intake of milk and may exacerbate the hyperbilirubinemia. It is crucial to maintain regular feeding intervals to support the baby's overall health and well-being. Educationally, understanding the importance of breastfeeding in managing hyperbilirubinemia is essential for healthcare professionals working with newborns and their families. Providing accurate information and support to mothers regarding breastfeeding can help optimize infant health outcomes and strengthen the mother-infant bond.
Question 3 of 5
A neonate has phenylketonuria (PKU). What information should the nurse include in a discussion with the parents when explaining what caused their infant's problem?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Inborn error of metabolism. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited metabolic disorder where the body cannot process the amino acid phenylalanine properly. This results in a buildup of phenylalanine in the body, which can lead to intellectual disabilities and other health issues if not managed properly. Option A) Failure to pass meconium is not related to PKU. Meconium is the earliest stool of a newborn and has no direct correlation with this metabolic disorder. Option C) Severe eczematous skin rash is also not a characteristic symptom of PKU. While individuals with PKU may have skin issues, it is not a primary indicator of the condition. Option D) Presence of an extra chromosome is more indicative of genetic conditions like Down syndrome, not PKU which is specifically related to a metabolic error. In an educational context, understanding the cause of PKU is crucial for nurses to provide accurate information to parents. By explaining that PKU is an inborn error of metabolism, nurses can help parents comprehend the genetic component of the disorder and the importance of dietary management to prevent complications. This knowledge empowers parents to make informed decisions and actively participate in their child's care.
Question 4 of 5
An emergency department nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with epiglottitis. In assessing the child, the nurse should monitor for which indication that the child may be experiencing airway obstruction? The child is....
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of a child diagnosed with epiglottitis, the correct answer is B) leaning forward with the chin thrust out and drooling. This posture, known as the "tripod position," indicates that the child is trying to maintain an open airway by extending the neck and thrusting the chin forward. This position helps prevent further airway obstruction, as the epiglottis is inflamed and can block airflow. Drooling is also a common sign due to difficulty swallowing. Option A) exhibiting nasal flaring and tachycardia is a common sign of respiratory distress, but in epiglottitis, the child is more likely to have a muffled voice and avoid moving air. Option C) having a low-grade fever and complaining of a sore throat are common symptoms of epiglottitis but do not directly indicate airway obstruction. Option D) leaning backward, supporting themselves with the hands and arms is incorrect as it does not suggest efforts to maintain an open airway. Educationally, understanding these distinct clinical manifestations is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with respiratory disorders. Recognizing the subtle signs of airway compromise in children, such as the tripod position in epiglottitis, can lead to prompt interventions and potentially life-saving actions in an emergency setting.
Question 5 of 5
Which assessment is of greatest concern in a 15-month-old child? The child....
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is option B) has diminished breath sounds, no cough, and has a protruding tongue with drooling. In a 15-month-old child, the presence of diminished breath sounds along with drooling and a protruding tongue raises concerns for a potential airway obstruction, such as a foreign body aspiration. This is a critical situation that requires immediate intervention to ensure the child's airway remains patent. Option A) describes a child with signs of respiratory distress but not an immediate life-threatening condition like airway obstruction. Option C) presents symptoms of a respiratory infection which, though concerning, do not indicate an acute emergency. Option D) describes a child with wheezing and feeding difficulties, suggestive of possible asthma or bronchiolitis, but these symptoms are not as immediately life-threatening as airway obstruction. In an educational context, understanding these different presentations is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients, as prompt recognition and appropriate intervention can significantly impact patient outcomes, especially in respiratory emergencies. Nurses must be able to differentiate between urgent situations requiring immediate action and those that can be managed with less urgency.