Which measure of community health will be examined by the community health nurse (CHN) who wishes to assess the process of community health?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct: 1. Health resource use patterns (e.g., bed occupancy days, client/provider visits) reflect the utilization of health services, indicating access to care and efficiency. 2. Assessing these patterns helps CHNs evaluate the process of delivering community health services. 3. By monitoring resource use, CHNs can identify gaps, allocate resources effectively, and improve service delivery. 4. This measure focuses on the operational aspects of community health, making it essential for process assessment. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: - Choice B: Health risk profiles focus on identifying health risks within specific population groups, not on assessing the process of community health. - Choice C: Incidence and prevalence of leading causes of mortality and morbidity relate to the health status of the community, not the process of community health. - Choice D: Participation of health care providers in local organizations pertains to collaboration and engagement, not the assessment of community health processes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because providing a diabetes management program for persons with diabetes mellitus emphasizes tertiary prevention. Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and preventing complications in individuals already diagnosed with a disease. This program helps individuals with diabetes manage their condition effectively to prevent complications, which aligns with the goals of tertiary prevention. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they focus on primary or secondary prevention strategies. Choice A emphasizes primary prevention by providing counselling on contraception to prevent unwanted pregnancies. Choice C focuses on promoting cardiovascular fitness, which is a secondary prevention strategy aimed at detecting and treating risk factors before the development of cardiovascular diseases. Choice D offers free blood pressure screening, which is a secondary prevention measure to detect hypertension early.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vaccine-preventable diseases. Childhood mortality rates can be significantly reduced by targeting vaccine-preventable diseases through immunization programs. Vaccines are proven to be effective in preventing illnesses such as measles, polio, and whooping cough. By focusing on vaccination efforts, the community health nurse can directly impact reducing childhood mortality rates. Rationale: 1. Vaccines are highly effective in preventing various diseases that can lead to childhood mortality. 2. Immunization programs have been successful in decreasing the prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases. 3. Targeting vaccine-preventable diseases aligns with evidence-based practices for reducing childhood mortality rates. Summary: A: Accidents and injuries - While important, targeting accidents and injuries alone may not directly impact childhood mortality rates as significantly as preventing diseases through vaccination. B: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) - AIDS primarily affects adults, so targeting this may not be as effective in reducing childhood mortality rates. C: Childhood obesity

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Gerontological nursing. Gerontological nursing is a specialty that focuses on the holistic care of older clients, addressing their physical, emotional, and social needs. This specialty includes promoting healthy aging, preventing illness, and managing chronic conditions in older adults. Elder care (A) is a broader term that encompasses various types of care for older individuals. Geriatrics (B) is the medical specialty focusing on the health and diseases of older adults. Geripsychiatric nursing (C) is a specialty that specifically deals with the mental health needs of older adults. Therefore, D is the correct choice as it specifically pertains to the holistic care of older clients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Primary prevention and early detection. Primary prevention strategies, such as maintaining a healthy lifestyle and avoiding risk factors, can help reduce the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer. Early detection through screening tests can lead to timely diagnosis and treatment, improving long-term survival rates. Providing information and chemotherapy (C) is important for treatment but not the key factor for improving survival. Prevention of infections and smoking cessation (D) are important for overall health but not directly related to improving long-term survival in colorectal cancer.