ATI RN
Epidemiology Test Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which manifestation would the nurse include when teaching about mild to moderate food poisoning at a community health fair?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dehydration. In mild to moderate food poisoning, dehydration is a common manifestation due to fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. Dehydration can lead to complications and requires prompt medical attention. Bloody diarrhea (A) is more indicative of severe cases or specific types of food poisoning. Diarrhea lasting more than 3 days (B) may indicate a more serious infection or underlying condition. Fever less than 102°F (D) is a common symptom, but dehydration is a more critical manifestation that requires immediate focus. Therefore, C is the most appropriate choice to emphasize during community education on mild to moderate food poisoning.
Question 2 of 5
The nursing staff has attempted to screen the entire African American population in the community for diabetes. Which of the following would provide immediate verification of the success of the nursing staff’s efforts?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. This is because a decrease in prevalence would indicate successful screening efforts. Incidence is the rate of new cases, not a measure of screening success. An epidemic or increase in diabetes cases would not verify success, as it could indicate poor screening or higher awareness.
Question 3 of 5
A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. Which of the following best describes the attack rate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The attack rate is calculated by dividing the number of people who developed symptoms by the total number of people at risk. In this case, 63 out of 70 people developed symptoms, giving an attack rate of 90% (63/70 x 100%). This choice best describes the proportion of individuals who were affected. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: 63% is the proportion of people who developed symptoms out of the total number of people who ate the potato salad, not the total at-risk population. B: 70% is the proportion of people who ate the potato salad out of the total at-risk population, not the attack rate. D: 100% would imply that every single person who ate the potato salad developed symptoms, which is not the case based on the information provided.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following actions would a nurse take to reduce the high incidence of coronary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it addresses prevention strategies at different levels: starting early with education in schools, reaching the general community with diet and exercise presentations, and targeting high-risk groups with specialized sessions. This comprehensive approach tackles the issue from multiple angles, promoting long-term behavior change and awareness. Choice A lacks specificity and does not provide a comprehensive plan to target different segments of the population. Choice C focuses mainly on online activities and screenings but lacks the community-wide educational aspect. Choice D includes some good elements like handouts and screenings but lacks the early intervention in schools and comprehensive community education approach present in choice B.
Question 5 of 5
A woman is sitting in a corner of the clinical waiting room, crying audibly. The nurse asks, “What’s wrong? Can I help?†The woman responds, “They just told me I have a positive mammogram and I need to see my doctor for follow-up tests. I know I’m going to die of cancer. How can I tell my family?†Which of the following information does the nurse need to know in order to help the woman cope with this finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The positive predictive value of mammography. In this scenario, the woman is distressed over a positive mammogram result, indicating a potential cancer diagnosis. Understanding the positive predictive value of mammography is crucial for the nurse to provide accurate information about the likelihood of the positive result truly indicating cancer. This information helps the nurse guide the woman on next steps and coping strategies. Choice A (The negative predictive value of mammography) is incorrect because the woman's concern is focused on a positive result indicating cancer, not on ruling out cancer. Choice C (The reliability of mammography) is incorrect as it pertains to the consistency of test results, which is not the immediate concern in this case. Choice D (The validity of mammography) is also incorrect as it refers to how accurately a test measures what it is intended to measure, but it does not directly address the woman's emotional distress and need for guidance on dealing with a positive result.