ATI RN
History of Public Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which major international health organization was created to coordinate the global response to health emergencies and improve healthcare access worldwide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The World Health Organization (WHO). WHO was established to coordinate global health efforts, respond to health emergencies, and enhance healthcare access worldwide. It works closely with countries to support healthcare systems and improve health outcomes. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) focuses on disease prevention and control within the United States. B: The United Nations Health Program does not exist; the correct entity is the World Health Organization. D: The World Bank Health Initiative primarily focuses on providing financial assistance for health-related projects, not coordinating global health responses.
Question 2 of 5
What public health initiative, introduced in the mid-20th century, aimed to eliminate polio worldwide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Global Polio Eradication Initiative. This initiative was specifically designed to eradicate polio worldwide. It was launched in the mid-20th century and has made significant progress in reducing polio cases globally. The other choices are incorrect because: B: The Global Health Security Agenda focuses on preventing, detecting, and responding to infectious disease threats but not specifically aimed at polio eradication. C: The Smallpox Eradication Campaign targeted smallpox, not polio. D: The Global Immunization Program aims to increase immunization coverage but does not solely focus on polio eradication.
Question 3 of 5
Which major health policy in the U.S. in the 20th century aimed to reduce smoking-related illnesses?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Surgeon General's Report on Smoking and Health. This report, released in 1964, was a landmark event that highlighted the dangers of smoking, leading to increased awareness and policy changes. The report provided scientific evidence linking smoking to various health issues, leading to public health campaigns and legislative actions to reduce smoking rates. The other choices, B: The Affordable Care Act, C: The National Cancer Act, and D: The Tobacco Control Act, do not specifically focus on reducing smoking-related illnesses like the Surgeon General's report did.
Question 4 of 5
Which public health law, passed in 1970, was designed to reduce occupational injuries and illnesses in the workplace?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). OSHA was passed in 1970 to ensure safe and healthy working conditions for employees. It sets and enforces standards to prevent workplace injuries and illnesses. Other choices are incorrect because: B: The Environmental Protection Agency Act focuses on environmental protection, not workplace safety. C: The Clean Air Act primarily addresses air pollution control. D: The National Health Service Act pertains to healthcare services in the UK, not workplace safety in the US.
Question 5 of 5
Which public health milestone, achieved in the 20th century, led to the worldwide eradication of a deadly disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The eradication of smallpox. This milestone was achieved in the 20th century through a global vaccination campaign led by the World Health Organization. Smallpox is the only disease to have been eradicated worldwide, which was confirmed in 1980. The measles vaccine (choice A) has been significant but has not led to the eradication of measles. The global polio vaccination program (choice C) has made progress in reducing polio cases but has not yet achieved global eradication. The introduction of HIV/AIDS prevention programs (choice D) has been vital in managing the spread of HIV/AIDS but has not led to eradication.