ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice B Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which location is the area where the highest percentage of sodium and water are resorbed back into the bloodstream?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The area where the highest percentage of sodium and water are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream is the proximal tubule. In the nephron, the proximal tubule is responsible for reabsorbing approximately 65-70% of filtered sodium and water. This reabsorption is crucial for maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and blood volume. The proximal tubule is lined with specialized cells that actively transport sodium ions out of the tubular fluid, creating an osmotic gradient that allows for passive reabsorption of water. This efficient reabsorption process helps to ensure that essential substances are conserved while waste products are excreted in the urine.
Question 2 of 5
When administering Phenytoin you should monitor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
A severely immunocompromised female patient requires a blood transfusion. To prevent GVHD, the physician will order:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In order to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in a severely immunocompromised patient receiving a blood transfusion, the physician will order irradiation of the donor blood. GVHD is a rare but serious complication that can occur when the donor's T lymphocytes attack the recipient's tissues. Irradiation of the blood eliminates the T lymphocytes, thereby reducing the risk of GVHD in immunocompromised patients. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) and acetaminophen (Tylenol) are commonly used to manage transfusion reactions but do not specifically prevent GVHD. Administering the transfusion slowly over several hours does not directly address the risk of GVHD.
Question 4 of 5
What is the action of Metformin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
What is the maximal response a drug can produce?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Efficacy refers to the maximal response a drug can produce, regardless of the dose. It is a measure of how well a drug can produce its desired effect. Potency, on the other hand, refers to the amount of drug required to produce a specific effect and is not related to the maximal response. An agonist is a drug that binds to and activates a receptor. Bioavailability is the fraction of the administered dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation.