ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice Exam B Questions
Question 1 of 9
Which location is the area where the highest percentage of sodium and water are resorbed back into the bloodstream?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The highest percentage of sodium and water resorption back into the bloodstream occurs in the proximal tubule of the nephron. The proximal tubule is responsible for reabsorbing about 65-75% of the filtered sodium and water, along with various other solutes. It has a high density of microvilli, which increases its surface area for efficient reabsorption. Additionally, the proximal tubule plays a vital role in maintaining the body's fluid and electrolyte balance by reclaiming essential substances from the filtrate before it moves further along the nephron.
Question 2 of 9
A 31-year-old woman smoker expresses a desire to quit smoking. She has a 10 pack-year history of smoking but no other health issues. She wants to try varenicline, a drug she recently heard about, to help her quit. Which of the following side effects of varenicline is she most likely to encounter?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 9
The nurse assumes care of a patient in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). The patient had abdominal surgery and is receiving intravenous morphine sulfate for pain. The patient is asleep and has not voided since prior to surgery. The nurse assesses a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute and notes hypoactive bowel sounds. The nurse will contact the surgeon primarily to report which condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most critical condition that the nurse should report to the surgeon in this scenario is respiratory depression. Respiratory depression is a potential side effect of opioid medications such as morphine sulfate. It is characterized by a decreased respiratory rate, which in this case, is 10 breaths per minute, indicating inadequate ventilation. Respiratory depression can lead to hypoxia and respiratory arrest if not promptly addressed. The nurse should prioritize notifying the surgeon to ensure immediate intervention and appropriate monitoring to prevent further complications for the patient. While the other conditions (paralytic ileus, somnolence, and urinary retention) are also relevant to the patient's care, respiratory depression poses the most immediate threat to the patient's safety and requires urgent attention.
Question 4 of 9
For a drug that obeys first-order (linear) kinetics and fits a one-compartment model for elimination:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 9
It is rational and advised therapeutic practice to commence treatment with the following drug using a loading dose if a rapid onset of action is required:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A loading dose achieves therapeutic levels quickly for drugs with long half-lives or urgent needs. Clozapine's slow titration avoids agranulocytosis, not rapid loading. Zolmitriptan, for acute migraine, acts fast without loading due to short half-life. Amiodarone, with a half-life of weeks, uses loading doses (e.g., 800-1600 mg/day) to rapidly control arrhythmias, rational for urgent onset. Levodopa's short half-life and titration in Parkinson's don't require loading. Doxazosin, for hypertension, starts low to avoid first-dose hypotension. Amiodarone's pharmacokinetics and arrhythmia urgency make loading advised, balancing efficacy and toxicity risks.
Question 6 of 9
A patient being seen for skin concerns asks, 'What do keratolytic drugs remove?' What is the nurse’s best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 7 of 9
Diazepam (Valium) is prescribed to a client with alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an understanding of the treatment regimen?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The statement "I'll have my physician lower my dosage once I start to feel okay" indicates an understanding of the treatment regimen because Diazepam is typically used as a short-term treatment for alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Once the client starts to feel okay, it is important to gradually taper off the medication under the guidance of a healthcare provider to prevent withdrawal symptoms. This demonstrates the client's understanding of the appropriate course of treatment and the need for medical supervision throughout the process.
Question 8 of 9
What is the category class of Valproate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Valproate belongs to the category class of anticonvulsants, which are medications primarily used to treat seizures and epilepsy. Valproate is also used as a treatment for vascular headaches, such as migraines. It is not categorized as an anticoagulant, antianxiety medication (such as benzodiazepines), or a mood stabilizer.
Question 9 of 9
Which action is most important for the nurse to teach a patient who is taking tositumomab?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tositumomab is a radioactive monoclonal antibody used in cancer treatment. Patients should be advised to use a separate bathroom and sit while urinating to minimize radiation exposure to others and themselves. This precaution is necessary because the drug is excreted in urine, which remains radioactive for a period after treatment. Avoiding alcohol or smoking is not specifically related to tositumomab therapy. Taking the drug on an empty stomach is not applicable, as it is administered intravenously.