ATI RN
Test Questions on Autonomic Nervous System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is responsible for generating motor commands?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The frontal lobe (D) contains the primary motor cortex (Brodmann area 4), responsible for voluntary motor commands. The temporal (A) processes auditory and memory, parietal (B) sensory integration, and occipital (C) vision. D is correct.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following cavities contains a component of the central nervous system?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord. The cranial cavity houses the brain, making it the correct choice. The abdominal cavity contains digestive organs, the pelvic cavity contains reproductive and urinary organs, and the thoracic cavity contains the heart and lungs—none of which include CNS components.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following substances is least able to cross the blood-brain barrier?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts large or charged substances. White blood cells are large and typically cannot cross the BBB unless it’s compromised. Water, sodium ions (via channels), and glucose (via transporters) can cross more readily.
Question 4 of 5
What ion enters a neuron causing depolarization of the cell membrane?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Depolarization occurs when sodium (Na⁺) ions enter the neuron through voltage-gated channels, making the membrane potential more positive. Potassium exits during repolarization, and chloride or phosphate don’t typically drive depolarization.
Question 5 of 5
A channel opens on a postsynaptic membrane that causes a negative ion to enter the cell. What type of graded potential is this?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a negative ion (e.g., Cl⁻) enters, the membrane potential becomes more negative, causing a hyperpolarizing graded potential (inhibitory postsynaptic potential, IPSP).