ATI RN
Questions on the Integumentary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which list of structures is NOT all part of the integumentary system?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The integumentary system includes skin (epidermis, dermis), hair, nails, and glands (sebaceous, sweat). Sebaceous glands, hair, nails, and mammary glands (skin derivatives) are all part. Apocrine glands, sebaceous glands, Merkel discs, and hair follicles are integumentary. Melanocytes, keratinocytes, Merkel cells, and dendrocytes are skin cells. Meissner's corpuscles, eccrine glands, and oil (sebaceous) glands are integumentary, but the hypodermis isn't, making this list the one with a non-integumentary element.
Question 2 of 5
Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels, sweat glands, and hair follicles?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The dermis, the thick layer beneath the epidermis, contains blood vessels for nutrient supply, sweat glands for thermoregulation, and hair follicles for hair growth, making it the skin's structural and functional core. The epidermis, the outer layer, is avascular and lacks glands or follicles. The hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue), below the dermis, has fat and some vessels but typically not sweat glands or hair follicles, which are dermal. 'Subcutaneous tissue' repeats hypodermis, not altering its role. The dermis's rich composition, supporting skin vitality and appendages, confirms it as the correct layer.
Question 3 of 5
The sweat produced by eccrine sweat glands is primarily composed of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eccrine sweat glands produce sweat mainly of water and electrolytes (e.g., sodium, chloride), secreted to the skin surface for cooling and minor waste excretion. Sebum, an oily lipid mix, is from sebaceous glands. Melanin is a pigment, not in sweat. Blood plasma, while fluid, contains proteins and cells not found in eccrine sweat, which is filtered and simpler. This watery, salty composition enables evaporative cooling, distinguishing eccrine sweat's role in thermoregulation, making it the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
Which layer of the skin is responsible for producing new skin cells through cell division?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The epidermis produces new skin cells via mitosis in the stratum basale, where keratinocytes divide to replenish the upper layers, eventually forming the stratum corneum. The dermis supports with connective tissue and glands, not cell generation. The hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue) provides fat and anchoring, not new cells. The epidermis's regenerative capacity, driven by basal stem cells, sustains skin renewal, making it the correct layer.
Question 5 of 5
What is the primary role of the stratum basale in the epidermis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The stratum basale, the deepest epidermal layer, produces new skin cells via mitosis of basal keratinocytes, regenerating the epidermis as cells move up and keratinize. Sensation involves dermal receptors, temperature regulation uses sweat and vessels, and sebum secretion is from dermal glands, not the basale. Its role as the proliferative base, sustaining skin renewal, makes it the correct primary function.