Which level nursery classifications are housed in institutions that can provide on-site surgical repair of serious congenital or acquired malformations?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pediatric nursing and neonatal care, understanding the different levels of nursery classifications is crucial for providing appropriate care to newborns. In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Level IV. Level IV nurseries are housed in institutions that can provide on-site surgical repair of serious congenital or acquired malformations. These nurseries have the highest level of care and are equipped to handle the most complex and critical cases. They have specialized medical and surgical capabilities, including advanced imaging, pediatric surgical specialists, and advanced respiratory support. The other options are incorrect because: A) Level III nurseries provide care for infants born at less than 32 weeks gestation or weighing less than 1500 grams. While they offer a high level of care, they may not have on-site surgical capabilities for serious malformations. B) Level I nurseries provide basic care for healthy newborns and term infants. They do not have the resources or expertise to handle complex surgical repairs. D) Level II nurseries provide care for moderately ill newborns but do not have the resources for on-site surgical repairs of serious malformations. Understanding the different levels of nursery classifications is essential for pediatric nurses to be able to advocate for appropriate levels of care for their patients and ensure they are in a facility equipped to meet their needs. This knowledge helps to optimize outcomes and provide the best possible care for newborns with complex medical conditions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Feeding a baby in a more upright position and no longer in sidelying is important around 4-6 months of age. At this stage, babies start developing better head and trunk control, which allows them to sit in a more upright position for feeding, promoting safer and more efficient swallowing and digestion.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the DSM V, one of the key diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is unusual responses to sensory input. These atypical responses can include hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity to sensory stimuli, such as sound, touch, taste, or smell. These sensory processing differences are important in the diagnosis of ASD because they can significantly impact an individual's daily functioning and behavior.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Challenging behaviors often serve functions related to avoiding, escaping, obtaining, or sensory needs. The question is asking for the function that does not typically apply to challenging behaviors. Choices A, B, C, and D align with the common functions associated with challenging behaviors. Therefore, 'E' is the correct answer as it does not represent a typical function of challenging behaviors.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) EEG. The child's presentation of stomping, hitting, head banging, and falling down for a few minutes every few days suggests the possibility of seizure activity or an underlying neurological issue. An EEG (electroencephalogram) is a diagnostic test used to evaluate the electrical activity in the brain and can help identify abnormal brain waves indicative of seizures or other neurological disorders. Option A) brain MRI is not the most appropriate initial diagnostic test in this case as an EEG would be more specific for detecting seizure activity. Option B) serum ferritin is a test used to assess iron levels and would not be indicated for the symptoms described. Option C) skeletal survey is used to evaluate bone abnormalities and would not be relevant in this context. Educationally, understanding the appropriate diagnostic tests for different clinical presentations is crucial for healthcare providers caring for pediatric patients. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of neurological issues in children and knowing the appropriate diagnostic workup is essential for accurate diagnosis and timely intervention. This case highlights the importance of considering neurological causes in children presenting with abnormal behaviors.