ATI RN
Questions About the Integumentary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which layer of the epidermis has transparent cytoplasm-
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stratum lucidum. This layer of the epidermis is characterized by its clear, transparent cytoplasm due to the presence of eleidin, a protein that replaces the keratohyalin in the granules of the stratum granulosum. Stratum malpighi (A) refers to the basal layer, stratum granulosum (C) contains granules with keratohyalin, and stratum corneum (D) is the outermost layer composed of dead keratinocytes. The transparency of cytoplasm is a unique feature of the stratum lucidum, making it the correct choice.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following happens if body temperature rises above normal?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blood flow to the skin increases. When body temperature rises, blood vessels in the skin dilate to release heat through radiation. This increased blood flow helps cool the body. Melanocytes (A) are responsible for skin pigmentation and do not directly regulate body temperature. Circulation in the skin (C) actually increases to dissipate heat. Evaporative cooling (D) through sweat continues to help regulate body temperature.
Question 3 of 5
The substance called sebum is commonly known as
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: skin oil. Sebum is a waxy, oily substance produced by the sebaceous glands in the skin. It helps to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Regular sweat (option A) is produced by sweat glands and is primarily composed of water and electrolytes. Milk (option B) is produced by mammary glands in mammals. Odiferous sweat (option D) refers to sweat that may have a strong odor due to bacterial activity, not sebum. Therefore, the correct term for the substance produced by the sebaceous glands is skin oil, making option C the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
When the arrector pili muscles contract,
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When the arrector pili muscles contract, they pull on the hair follicles, causing the hair to stand upright, resulting in goosebumps. This physiological response is triggered by emotions or cold temperature to trap air and increase insulation. The other choices are incorrect because sweat release is controlled by sweat glands, skin color changes are unrelated to arrector pili muscles, and shivering is a response to generate heat, not directly caused by arrector pili muscle contraction.
Question 5 of 5
Central adiposity is strongly associated with
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Central adiposity refers to fat accumulation around the abdomen, which is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders like heart disease and stroke. The excess fat in this area can lead to inflammation, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, contributing to cardiovascular issues. Liver diseases are more closely associated with visceral fat accumulation, not specifically central adiposity. Lung diseases and reproductive illnesses are not directly linked to central adiposity. Therefore, choice A is correct due to the established connection between central adiposity and cardiovascular disorders.