ATI RN
PN Vital Signs Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which joint is the most common site for heterotopic ossification in burn patients?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Elbow. Heterotopic ossification is the abnormal formation of bone in soft tissues. In burn patients, the elbow joint is the most common site due to the frequent positioning of the arm during treatment, leading to immobilization and subsequent bone formation. The hip, shoulder, and knee joints are less commonly affected in burn patients. This is because the elbow joint is more prone to prolonged immobilization compared to the other joints, increasing the risk of heterotopic ossification.
Question 2 of 5
What diagnostic test is the 'gold standard' for evaluation of the rotator cuff?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: MRI. MRI is the 'gold standard' for evaluating the rotator cuff because it provides detailed images of soft tissues like tendons and muscles. It offers superior resolution compared to other imaging modalities, allowing for accurate detection of rotator cuff tears and other pathologies. Plain x-ray (A) is not ideal for soft tissue evaluation. Physical exam (B) can provide valuable information but may not definitively diagnose rotator cuff issues. Ultrasound (D) is useful but may not offer the same level of detail and accuracy as MRI for evaluating the rotator cuff.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to assess a patient's abdomen by palpation. How should the nurse proceed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it follows the proper sequence for abdominal palpation. Light palpation should always precede deep palpation to detect surface characteristics and allow the patient to get accustomed to being touched. This approach helps the nurse gather initial information and establish rapport with the patient. Palpating reportedly tender areas should not be avoided (Choice A) as it is important to assess all areas for potential issues. Quickly palpating a tender area (Choice B) may cause unnecessary discomfort to the patient. Beginning with deep palpation (Choice C) before light palpation is not recommended as it may cause discomfort and prevent the nurse from effectively assessing the abdomen.
Question 4 of 5
Monique is a 33-year-old administrative assistant who has had intermittent lower abdominal pain approximately one week a month for the past year. It is not related to her menses. She notes relief with defecation, and a change in form and frequency of her bowel movements with these episodes. Which of the following is most likely?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Monique's symptoms of lower abdominal pain relieved by defecation, and changes in bowel movements (form and frequency) without relation to menses are classic features of IBS. IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. Colon cancer (A) typically presents with more serious symptoms like rectal bleeding and unexplained weight loss. Cholecystitis (B) involves inflammation of the gallbladder, presenting with right upper quadrant pain. Inflammatory bowel disease (C) includes conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, which present with symptoms such as bloody diarrhea and weight loss.
Question 5 of 5
You are a student in the vascular surgery clinic. You are asked to perform a physical examination on a patient with known peripheral vascular disease in the legs. Which of the following aspects is important to note when you perform your examination?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (A): - Size: Helps assess for muscle wasting or swelling. - Symmetry: Indicates potential arterial occlusion or venous insufficiency. - Skin color: Changes may suggest poor perfusion or venous stasis. Summary of incorrect choices: - B: Muscle bulk and tone are important but secondary to circulation assessment. - C: Nodules in joints are more relevant to rheumatologic conditions. - D: Lower extremity strength is important but not as critical for vascular assessment.