ATI RN
Fluid Maintenance Pediatrics Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is the most common cause of anemia in preterm newborns?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most common cause of anemia in preterm newborns is frequent blood sampling. Preterm infants are often subject to numerous blood tests for various reasons such as monitoring oxygen and blood gas levels, assessing bilirubin levels, infection screening, and more. These repeated blood withdrawals lead to a loss of red blood cells and can contribute to the development of anemia in preterm infants. Anemia in preterm newborns can have significant consequences, including impaired growth and development, delayed hospital discharge, and the potential need for blood transfusions. Therefore, minimizing unnecessary blood sampling and utilizing non-invasive monitoring methods whenever possible are key strategies in preventing and managing anemia in preterm newborns.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is taking a sexual history on an adolescent girl. Which is the best way to determine whether she is sexually active?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The best way to determine whether an adolescent girl is sexually active is to ask her directly, "Are you sexually active?" This question is concise, clear, and non-judgmental, allowing the girl to provide a straightforward answer. It is important to create a safe and open environment for discussing sexual health, and using direct language helps ensure accurate communication. Asking about specific partners (options B and C) may lead to confusion or misinterpretation, and involving the parent (option D) without the girl's consent may violate her privacy and autonomy. Therefore, direct communication with the adolescent herself is the most appropriate approach to gather information about her sexual activity.
Question 3 of 5
Parents of a newborn are concerned because the infant's eyes often "look crossed" when the infant is looking at an object. The nurse's response is that this is normal based on the knowledge that binocularity is normally present by what age?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Binocularity refers to the ability of both eyes to focus on the same object and create a single, three-dimensional image. In infants, binocularity typically develops between the ages of 6 to 8 months. Prior to this age, it is common for infants to show occasional misalignment or "crossed" eyes when focusing on an object. This is usually a normal part of the visual development process and tends to resolve as binocular vision strengthens with age. Therefore, it is considered normal for newborns to show occasional crossed eyes until binocularity develops around 6 to 8 months of age.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning to use an interpreter during a health history interview of a non-English speaking patient and family. Which nursing care guidelines should the nurse include when using an interpreter? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is Option A: Elicit one answer at a time. This guideline is crucial when using an interpreter during a health history interview with a non-English speaking patient and family because it allows for clear, accurate communication without misunderstandings or confusion. By eliciting one answer at a time, the nurse ensures that information is accurately conveyed and understood by all parties involved. Option B: Interrupt the interpreter if the response from the family is lengthy is incorrect because interrupting the interpreter can disrupt the flow of communication and may lead to important information being missed or misinterpreted. Option C: Comments to the interpreter about the family should be made in English is incorrect as it is essential to maintain professionalism and respect when working with interpreters. Making comments about the family in a language they do not understand could be perceived as disrespectful or unprofessional. Option D: Arrange for the family to speak with the same interpreter, if possible is incorrect because while continuity with the same interpreter is ideal for consistency, it may not always be possible due to availability or other factors. It is more important to ensure effective communication in the moment with a qualified interpreter, even if they are different from previous encounters. Educationally, understanding the importance of clear communication, respect for cultural differences, and effective utilization of interpreters is crucial for healthcare professionals working with diverse patient populations. It is essential to prioritize accurate information exchange and respectful interactions to provide high-quality care to all patients, regardless of language barriers.
Question 5 of 5
At what age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infants typically begin to smile in response to pleasurable stimuli around 2 months of age. This social smile is an important developmental milestone in infants and signifies their growing social awareness and ability to engage with others. By the age of 2 months, infants are starting to develop social connections and recognize familiar faces, which often elicits smiles in response to positive interactions. Though some infants may start smiling earlier or later, the average age for the emergence of social smiles is around 2 months.